Glossary.pdf

234

TEXTBOOK GLOSSARY AND

POLISH LEXICAL MINIMUM

This glossary contains the words appearing in the glossaries at lesson-ends of

First Year Polish and, in addition, incorporates a "Polish Lexical Minimimum," a

list of most important Polish words, together with selected related words, for the

student planning to continue the study of Polish beyond the first year. All in all,

the glossary contains around 3000 entries.

PRINCIPLES OF CITATION

A tilda is used to represent the head-word in phrasal illustrations, as in

ch´tnie av gladly, willingly, readily. ~ go poznam. I'd be glad to meet

him.

If the head-word is illustrated in a different gender or case-form, then the

right-hand part of the word will be taken back to a letter held in common, as

domowy aj of dom. praca ~wa homework .

VERBS

Verb conjugation is indicated by giving the 1st and 2nd person sg. forms of

the the present, along with any other irregular present or past forms, as in

˝yç ˝yç ˝yj´ impf live, be alive

jeÊç jem jesz jedzà jad∏ jedli impf, pf zjeÊç eat

If a verb occurs only or mainly in the 3rd person, only the 3rd person

singular (neuter) will be given. See, for example,

zdawaç si´ zdaje si´ 3p only +D seem

Aspect pairs are given in the order basic: derived, regardless of

alphabetical considerations. If this decision causes an alphabetization

problem, then the derived aspect form is listed separately, with a cross

reference. See, for example

rozumieç -em -esz impf, pf zrozumieç understand

with the derived perfective zrozumieç also having its own listing, with

reference to rozumieç .

In the listing

podkreÊliç -l´ -lisz pf, impf podkreÊlaç underscore, emphasize

the basic perfective form is given first, followed by the derived imperfective.

Here no separate listing for podkreÊlaç is needed, since no other words fall

between it and the head word podkreÊliç.

235

NOUNS

Possible second forms of a noun, often abbreviated, are used to indicate

mobile vowels or vowel alternations in stems. The second form will be either

genitive singular (for masculine nouns or feminine nouns ending in a

consonant, or genitive plural (for feminine nouns in -a and neuter nouns).

See

b∏àd b∏´du mi error, mistake

szk∏o szkie∏ n glass

krew krwi f blood

stó∏ sto∏u mi table

pole pól n field

czwartek -tku mi Thursday

Nouns listed as mi 'masculine inanimate' are assumed to have genitive

singular in -u unless noted otherwise. See

przeglàd mi review, survey

ser mi -a cheese

Nouns listed as ma 'masculine animate' are assumed to have genitive-

accusative singular in -a . See

kot ma cat

Nouns described as m fac an 'masculine, facultatively animate' ordinarily

take genitive-accusative singular in -a :

papieros m fac an cigarette.

Feminine personal nouns with a derivationally primary male variant are not

usually separately glossed; see

studentka -tek fem of student

listed beneath

student mp student

Plural-only nouns are indicated as such with the tag pl form:

oboje 2 pl form, G oboi wallpaper

ADJECTIVES

Adverbial and comparative forms of adjectives are listed under the

heading of the adjective, regardless of alphabetical considerations. For

example, under szeroki , one will find the comparative adjective szerszy and

the comparative adverb szerzej .

szeroki aj wide, broad. av szeroko . comp aj szerszy . comp av szerzej

Regularly predictable adverbial forms are not given unless the adverb is

glossed separately. For example, the listing

˝ywy aj alive. av ˝ywo

If an adjective has an existence and meaning mainly dependent on a

noun, only the noun to which it is related will be given, as in

ziemski aj of ziemia

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ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE GLOSSARY

1p, 2p, 3p 1st, 2nd, 3rd person

masculine inanimate

accusative case

masculine personal

abbrev

abbreviation

mppl

masc personal plural

adjective

nominative case

adverb

neuter noun

coll

collective n or num

neg

negative

colloq

colloquial

num aj

numerical adjective

comp

comparative

num

numeral

cond

conditional mood

o.a.

one another

conj

conjunction

o.s.

oneself, one's self

dative case

pej

pejorative

decl

declined

pers

person, personal

dim

diminutive

perfective aspect

e.o.

each other

phr

phrase

emph

emphatic

pl form

plural form

esp

especially

plural

exclam

exclamation

pred

predicate, predicator

feminine noun

pref

prefix

fac an

facultatively animate n

prep

preposition

fem

female variant

pron aj

pronominal adjective

formal

formal style usage

pron

pronoun

freq

frequentative

quant

quantifier

genitive case

s.o.

someone

instrumental case

s.t.

something

impf

imperfective aspect

singular

indecl

indeclinable

sub

subordinating

indef

indefinite

superl

superlative

infin

infinitive

title

personal title

inform

informal

trans

transitive

inter

interrogative

usually

interj

interjection

vocative case

intrans

intransitive

w.o.

without

locative case

masculine animate

237

a conj and, but, while. a ˝e conj and since, inasmuch as

absolutnie av absolutely

aby cond conj (abym abyÊ aby abyÊmy abyÊcie) that, so that, in order to

ach excl ah!, oh!

adres mi address; pod ~sem czegoÊ) regarding, intended for; in care of

adresat mp addressee

adresowaç -suj´ -sujesz impf, zaadresowaç pf address (a letter)

adwokat mp adwokatka f lawyer

aha exclam aha!

akademia f academy, institute, school

akademicki aj academic; rok ~ academic year

akademik mp 1 academician, member of academy. 2 mi dormitory

akcja f 1 act, action, drive, campaign, operation. ~ ratownicza rescue 2. plot

3. share of stock

akcyjny aj of akcja 3

aktor mp actor

aktorka fem actress

aktorski aj

aktorstwo n actor's craft

akurat av just, precisely, exactly, at the moment

akuratny aj accurate, precise

albo conj either. albo... albo... either... or...

ale conj but. (with endings of byç: alem ale aleÊ aleÊmy aleÊcie). ~ jednak

nevertheless, still

ale˝ emph but. ale˝ oczywiÊcie but of course

alkohol mi alcohol

ambasada f embassy

ambasador mp Npl -owie ambassador

Ameryka f America. w Ameryce

analiza f analysis, breakdown

analizowaç -zuj´ -zujesz impf, pf zanalizowaç or przeanalizowaç analyze,

scrutinize, explore possibilities

angielski aj English. av po angielsku in English

ani conj either, neither. ~ s∏owa not a word. ~ jeden not a one. ~ troch´ not

even a little. ani... ani... neither... nor....

aparat mi camera, apparatus (also political), device; ~ s∏uchowy hearing aid

aparatura f apparatus

apteka f pharmacy, druggist's

apteczka -czek f first-aid kit

aptekarka f druggist

aptekarz mp druggist

artyku∏ f article (literary and industrial) , pl goods. ~∏y spo˝ywcze food items

aspiryna f aspirin

atom mi atom

atomowy aj atomic, nuclear

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