William A. Gorton - Karl Popper and the Social Sciences (SUNY Series in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences) 2006.pdf

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POPPER
William A. Gorton
karl
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WILLIAM A. GORTON
KARL POPPER and
the SOCIAL SCIENCES
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK PRESS
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Published by
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK PRESS
Albany
© 2006 State University of New York
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever
without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic,
electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise
without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.
For information, address
State University of New York Press
194 Washington Avenue, Suite 305, Albany, NY 12210-2384
Production, Laurie Searl
Marketing, Michael Campochiaro
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Gorton, William A., 1966–
Karl Popper and the social sciences / William A. Gorton.
p. cm. -- (SUNY series in the philosophy of the social sciences)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-10: 0-7914-6661-2 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-7914-6662-0 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Popper, Karl Raimund, Sir, 1902– 2. Social sciences--Methodology.
3. Social sciences--Philosophy. 4. Political science. 5. Economics. I.
Title. II. Series.
H61.G593 2006
300'.92--dc22
2005007691
ISBN-13: 978-0-7914-6661-2 (alk. paper)
ISBN-13: 978-0-7914-6662-9 (pbk. : alk. paper)
10987654321
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Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ix
ABBREVIATIONS
xi
INTRODUCTION
1
CHAPTER ONE POPPERIAN SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
5
Building Models
6
Against Psychologism and Conspiracy Theories
11
Methodological Individualism
15
Summary
21
CHAPTER TWO METAPHYSICS, REALISM, AND
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
23
The Vienna Circle’s Positivism
24
Verificationism, Empiricism, and Metaphysics
25
Popper’s Metaphysical and Scientific Realism
29
Realism, World 3, and Social Inquiry
32
Summary
40
CHAPTER THREE SOCIAL LAWS, THE UNITY OF
SCIENTIFIC METHOD, AND SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
41
Causation, Covering Laws, and Realism
41
The Unity of Scientific Method
52
Falsification and Situational Analysis
53
Summary
58
CHAPTER FOUR SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS AND
ECONOMIC THEORY
59
Rationality and Economic Theory
62
vii
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viii
CONTENTS
Situational Analysis and Economic Theory
65
Explaining Voter Turnout: Rational Choice versus
Situational Analysis
72
Untangling Complex Patterns of Interaction
76
Summary
79
CHAPTER FIVE POPPER’S DEBT TO MARX
81
Popper’s Critique of Marx
82
Popper’s Debt to Marx
90
Popper and the Analytical Marxists
94
Summary
98
CHAPTER SIX THE SHORTCOMINGS OF
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
99
The Limited Range of Situational Analysis
100
Irrationality and Situational Analysis
103
Elster’s Model of Revolutions
113
Summary
119
CONCLUSION
121
NOTES
123
REFERENCES
133
INDEX
141
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