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JavaFX ™ Script

Dynamic Java ™ Scripting for Rich

Internet/Client-Side Applications

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to JavaFX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

CHAPTER 2 Quick Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

CHAPTER 3 Creating User Interfaces in JavaFX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

CHAPTER 4 Creating JavaFX Classes and Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

CHAPTER 5 More UI Fun Including 2D Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

216

PAgeS

James L. Weaver

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JavaFX ™ Script: Dynamic Java ™ Scripting for

Rich Internet/Client-Side Applications

Dear Reader,

JavaFX Script was revealed at JavaOne 2007 as the tool that will enable developers to create rich content

using the JavaFX family of products from Sun Microsystems. I wrote JavaFX ™ Script: Dynamic Java ™

Scripting for Rich Internet/Client-Side Applications because I am excited about the power and simplic-

ity of using JavaFX Script to create rich internet applications that will run on many different platforms,

including personal computers and mobile phones.

I began developing Java applications in 1995 and have witnessed the capabilities and complexities

of Java increase over time. I recognized the potential in JavaFX Script straight away when I saw how it

can give content designers and application developers a simple, but powerful, language that has all the

capability of Java behind it. For example, in JavaFX Script a simple declarative expression can define a

user interface complete with platform-independent layout managers. Behind-the-scenes, Java facilities

such as layout managers and Swing components are automatically employed to implement the desired

user interface.

My tutorial-style book will have you developing applications with JavaFX Script as quickly as possi-

ble. I lead you step-by-step through JavaFX Script concepts, with each concept building on your

knowledge of the previous one. Exercises and sample solutions test your understanding throughout,

help you learn even faster and, combined with the logical style of the tutorial, also provide a valuable

course textbook or training companion. Complex information on JavaFX Script constructs, such as

operators, are presented in tabular format which makes the book an easy-to-reference guide that you

will turn to again and again. JavaFX Script is very new, and still changing. As it does, this book will be

updated to reflect these changes.

It is my hope that you’ll share my excitement about JavaFX Script and the potential it offers, and

that you’ll enjoy working through the book to reach it.

Regards,

James L. ( Jim) Weaver, SCJD

October, 2007

JavaFX ™ Script

Dynamic Java ™ Scripting for Rich

Internet/Client-Side Applications

JAMES L. WEAVER

JavaFX ™ Script: Dynamic Java ™ Scripting for Rich Internet/Client-Side Applications

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ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-0554-8

ISBN-10 (pbk): 1-4302-0554-7

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Contents

About the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

About the Technical Reviewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

■

Introduction to JavaFX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

The JavaFX Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

JavaFX Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

JavaFX Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

JavaFX Script's Relationship to Java . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Features and Advantages of JavaFX Script. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Current Status of JavaFX Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Getting the Most from This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

CHAPTER 2

Quick Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Choosing a JavaFX Development Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Obtaining JavaFXPad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Obtaining an IDE Plug-In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

The Eclipse Plug-In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

The NetBeans Plug-In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Your First JavaFX Application: HelloJFX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Understanding the HelloJFX Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

The package Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

import Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Declarative Code That Defines the User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Using the Frame Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Creating String Literals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Using the Canvas GUI Widget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Drawing Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Defining Fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Running and Examining the HelloJFXBind Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Structure of a Minimal JavaFX Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

The class Declaration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

iii

CHAPTER 1

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