SabinoDec98.pdf

A LIGHTER

The sabino coat pattern,

SH A D E O F

SHADE OF

RED

sometimes misidentified

and often underappreciated,

sometimes misidentified and often underappreciated,

RED

has much to offer

the serious Paint breeder

has much to offer the serious Paint breeder

By Frank Holmes

hen it comes to describ-

ing Paint spotting pat-

terns, the term sabino

(sah-BEE-no) seems to be one of

the most confusing and least-

understood.

In his book, Western Words—A

Dictionary of the American West,

Ramon F. Adams lists sabino as

being Spanish for “a horse with a

light-red, almost pink, roan-col-

ored body and a pure-white belly.”

This accurately describes one of

the many variants of the pattern—

the one at the median of the spec-

trum.

But what about the opposite

ends of the palette?

Minimally-expressed, the sabino

pattern manifests itself in the form

of white markings on the head and

legs on an otherwise solid-colored

horse.

These sabinos are often confused

with solid horses that have usual

white markings. The sabinos are

different in that their white mark-

ings tend to have narrow, pointed

extensions up the legs or down the

throat. A classic example of this type

of sabino is the well-known Hank

Wiescamp-bred stallion, St Sheila.

Minimally-marked red roan sabi-

nos are often confused with classic

roan horses, with the only differ-

ence being the sabino’s extended

leg and face markings.

As the sabino pattern progresses,

the white markings on the legs get

higher, extending up the forearm

and chest in the front, and the sti-

fle in the rear. Belly spots appear

that are often visible from the side.

On the head, the white markings

become more extensive, spreading

outward over the eyes, and up

Ropers Reflection (facing page) is a

seventh-generation sabino, bred

and owned by Sandy Messler of

Elbert, Colorado. The 1994 red

roan sabino stallion is by Heath

Bar None and out of Ropes Impres-

sor by Impressor AQHA.

PAINT HORSE JOURNAL

DECEMBER 1998

from the lower lip to the throat-

latch. In some instances, the head

is completely white, or apron- or

bonnet-faced.

Two early-day Paint show cham-

pions—Nylon and her maternal

half-brother Jacket Bar’s—are

classic examples of this phase of

the pattern.

As the sabino pattern progresses

even farther, it becomes more

flecked or speckled over the entire

body. The belly and the head are

often completely white.

This phase of the pattern is prob-

ably the one most readily identifi-

able as sabino. Scenic Frosted Jet

is an excellent example of this type

of sabino.

At this point, however, the pat-

tern again becomes somewhat

ambiguous.

Sabinos with sharply-edged, large

spots on their sides are sometimes

confused with frame overos.

Because, as the pattern pro-

gresses the white in it extends ver-

tically over the back, some sabinos

are confused with tobianos.

Finally, in its maximally-expressed

form, the sabino pattern evolves

into an extremely white horse.

Although most horses of this

pattern are born as medicine hats,

with dark pigment on their ears

and/or foreheads, often times the

pigment fades to the point of

becoming virtually undetectable.

The well-known sire Scenic Jetalito

is a classic example of the pre-

dominantly-white sabino.

White sabinos are sometimes

erroneously classified as lethal

whites. Nothing could be farther

from the truth.

Along with being misidentified,

the case can be made that the

sabino pattern is also grossly under-

appreciated.

It is a pattern that is much more

prevalent than commonly per-

ceived, and one that Paint breed-

ers have been manipulating for

years with far-reaching results.

To more readily understand it—

from both the identification and

genetic standpoints—let us first

take a look at some influential

Nylon, a 1961 red roan sabino mare by Roan Bar AQHA and out of Bar’s

Cherry AQHA, was one of the breed’s first show ring superstars. She also

founded an enduring line of sabino Paints.

sabino families, and then dissect

one of those families genetically.

Also owned by the Miller family,

she was known as Cherry, and was

an unregistered daughter of the

foundation Quarter Horse sire

Chubby.

A recently discovered photo-

graph of her, circa late-1940s,

shows Cherry to be colored iden-

tically to Nylon.

With such potent sabino genes, it

stands to reason that Cherry’s

daughter, Bar’s Cherry, and her

granddaughter, Nylon, would have

the potential to produce Paint color.

Which they did.

According to APHA records,

Bar’s Cherry was the dam of four

cropout Paints. In addition to

Nylon, she was the dam of one

other red roan sabino—the

National Champion halter and per-

formance stallion, Jacket Bar’s.

Nylon was the dam of 10 foals.

Of these, seven were colored and

four were red roan sabinos.

The most influential of Nylon’s

produce, in terms of a genetic

legacy, was C Note’s Sawbuck. Bred

by Jim Smoot of Gainesville, Texas,

and foaled in 1969, “Sawbuck” was

sired by the calico overo C-Note.

Pattern-wise, C Note’s Sawbuck

was a predominantly-white, med-

icine hat sabino.

Bred to an equal mix of Quarter

Horse and Paint mares, he sired

112 registered foals. Of these, 95,

or 85 percent were colored.

It is a pattern that is

much more prevalent

than commonly

perceived,

and one that

Paint breeders have

been manipulating

for years with

far-reaching results.

One smooth sabino

Nylon #360, one of the first red

roan sabino Paints to be registered

by the APHA, was also one of the

breed’s first great show horses.

(See “Smooth As Silk,” February

1996, Paint Horse Journal. )

Foaled in 1961, and bred by Riley

Miller of Fluvanna, Texas, Nylon was

sired by Roan Bar AQHA and out of

Bar’s Cherry AQHA.

Roan Bar, as his name implies,

was a classic red roan, with a

darker head and legs. Bar’s Cherry

was a solid sorrel with a bald face

and three high stockings.

As far as where Nylon’s sabino

heritage might have come from,

one need look no farther than her

maternal granddam.

PAINT HORSE JOURNAL

DECEMBER 1998

Among Sawbuck’s sabino Paint

get was a mare named C Note’s

See Saw. Foaled in 1974, and col-

ored exactly like Nylon, “See Saw”

was out of a Breeding Stock Paint

mare named Baldy Wine.

See Saw was the dam of five

foals, of which four were colored

and two were red roan sabinos.

Among the latter two was Scenic

Jetalito, a 1981 stallion by Jetalito.

Like his maternal grandsire, C

Note’s Sawbuck, Scenic Jetalito

was a predominantly-white medi-

cine hat sabino. As he matured,

the dark pigment on his ears and

forehead became barely visible.

Owned for most of his life by

the Johanningmeier family of

Monona, Iowa, Scenic Jetalito was

the sire of 253 registered foals.

Bred to Quarter Horse mares

two-thirds of the time, he sired 84

percent color.

Among Scenic Jetalito’s get is

Scenic Jets Joak, a 1986 dun sabino

out of Scenic Miss Joak AQHA.

Owned by Terry Sakal of Swan

River, Manitoba, Canada, “Joak” is

a carbon-copy, color-wise, of his

sire. Bred to solid-colored mares 75

percent of the time, the predomi-

nantly-white sabino has sired 141

registered foals to date. Of these,

108, or 77 percent, are colored.

Several other Scenic Jetalito

sons have impressive color-getting

records as well.

Scenic Frosted Jet, a 1984 red

roan sabino stallion out of Miss Dew

Mark, is owned by Maggie Johnston

of Fierson, Louisiana. Bred to mostly

solid-colored mares, he is the sire of

75 percent color to date.

Four of Nylon’s descendants serve as

examples of the progressive degrees of

white expression within the sabino

pattern. They are (clockwise from bot-

tom right): Fan C Nicole, a 1987

mare by C Note’s Sawbuck and out of

Modern Michelle AQHA; The Time-

nator, a 1993 stallion by Scenic Jets

Joak and out of I Have Time AQHA;

Scenic Frosted Jet, a 1984 stallion by

Scenic Jetalito and out of Miss Dew

Mark; and Scenic Jetalito.

Scenic Blondys Jet, a 1985 pre-

dominantly-white sabino stallion

out of Miss Skipper Dude AQHA,

is owned by Garner and Lynn Gray

of Pringle, South Dakota. He, too,

maintains a three-to-one color

ratio out of solid-colored mares.

From the production records of

the above horses, it would appear

that the sabino pattern, especially

PAINT HORSE JOURNAL

DECEMBER 1998

the predominantly-white one, has

much to offer the breed from a

genetic standpoint.

As potent as the pattern appears,

however, the predominantly-white,

or medicine hat, sabino remains

somewhat difficult to identify, let

alone appreciate.

To illustrate the difficulty, consider

the cases of Scenic Crystal Jet,

Hawkeye Sure Jet and VF Snowbird.

All three horses are sired by

Scenic Jetalito. All three are out of

Quarter Horse mares, and all

three are registered with APHA as

solid white Breeding Stock horses.

Scenic Crystal Jet, a 1984 white

mare, is owned by Rebecca Rockow

of Webster City, Iowa. The mare is

the dam of seven registered foals, all

overos, with five of them sired by

Quarter Horses.

Hawkeye Sure Jet, a 1984 white

stallion, is owned by Leo O’Rourke

of Monticello, Iowa. The stallion is

the sire of 16 registered foals, 11

of them overos, including five out

of Quarter Horse mares.

VF Snowbird, a 1985 white

mare, is owned by Inge Hartley of

Madison, Georgia. She is the dam

of three foals, all overos, including

one by a Quarter Horse.

Registration papers to the con-

trary, it would appear that Scenic

Crystal Jet, Hawkeye Sure Jet and

VF Snowbird are all very potent,

predominately-white sabinos.

The Nylon line of sabinos—from

C Note’s Sawbuck to The Timena-

tor—is an extensive one, and far too

long to be completely covered here.

Suffice it to say that it is one of

the more potent lines in the his-

tory of the breed—from both a

historical and genetic standpoint.

Red roan royalty

Although rare, several unrelated

families of sabino Thoroughbred

have been documented.

Of these, one of the best-known

is that originating with Puchilin-

gui. (See “Royalty With a Twist,”

August 1996, Paint Horse Journal. )

Foaled in 1984, and owned by

Gerald and Nancy Tyler of

Cadillac, Michigan, Puchilingui is

Puchilingui (top) and his double-registered daughter Artic Color (middle) are

red roan sabino Thoroughbreds. Artic Color’s APHA registration photos,

taken when she was a weanling, show her to be a medicine hat Paint with

dark roan spots on her ears, forehead, neck, back, loin and croup.

As a red roan sabino tovero, Specks Unreal Luck (bottom left) presents an

interesting study in Paint genetics. A potent sire of color, he also sires a high

percentage of red roan sabinos such as Speck And A Half (bottom right).

PAINT HORSE JOURNAL

DECEMBER 1998

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