Strategic Management.pdf

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P ROFESSIONAL C OMPETENCE C OURSE
S TUDY M ATERIAL
STRATEGIC
MANAGEMENT
Management
BOARD OF STUDIES
THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA
P APER 6B
Strategic
 
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This study material has been prepared by the faculty of the Board of Studies. The
objective of the study material is to provide teaching material to the students to enable
them to obtain knowledge and skills in the subject. Students should also supplement their
study by reference to the recommended text books. In case students need any
clarifications or have any suggestions to make for further improvement of the material
contained herein, they may write to the Director of Studies.
All care has been taken to provide interpretations and discussions in a manner useful for
the students. However, the study material has not been specifically discussed by the
Council of the Institute or any of its Committees and the views expressed herein may not
be taken to necessarily represent the views of the Council or any of its Committees.
Permission of the Institute is essential for reproduction of any portion of this material.
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without prior permission, in writing, from the publisher.
Website : www.icai.org E-mail : bosnoida@icai.org
Published by Dr. T.P. Ghosh, Director of Studies, ICAI, C-1, Sector-1, NOIDA-201301
Typeset and designed at Board of Studies, The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.
Printed at VPS Engineering Impex Pvt. Ltd. Phase – II Noida. August, 2006, 25,000 copies
PREFACE
The Paper 6 of Professional Competence Course is divided into two sections viz. Information
Technology and Strategic Management. This book has been prepared to help in learning of
section B of the Paper – Strategic Management. Information technology and strategic
Management are as such two different subjects with different focus. In the examinations also
students shall be using separate answer books to attempt different sections. However, at the
same time there are some commonalities between the two subjects. Strategic management of
information technology in business organizations is an emerging area that requires altogether
different managerial skills to handle. Managing information technology is an important aspect
that assists in gaining competitive advantage and entails integration of the two subjects. There
are two broad issues that emerges. They are (a) strategic management of information
technology and (b) using information technology in strategic management. These two issues
are not sought to be covered in the study material except for a few inklings here and there. For
our purpose, considering that the objective is to provide working knowledge, they shall remain
entirely different subjects.
Strategic management is important for Chartered Accountants. With the changing scope of the
Chartered Accountancy profession and the multifarious nature of the work profile of
professionals the students need to learn newer and different concepts and acquire
multidimensional skills. With this focus the subject of Strategic Management in chartered
accountancy is included in the education and training. Chartered Accountants reaching high in
the corporate ladder also need to be sound in the concepts and principles of strategic
management.
As a student of Chartered Accountancy course, you must be keenly going through financial
newspapers, reading, inter alia, about mergers, acquisitions, divestments and corporate
successes or failures. An inquisitive mind will have several questions. How does a company
become successful? How a company remains at the top? How a company identifies its
potential and is able to deliver its best? How an organisation is able to cope up and gain
command over the dynamic and turbulent environment? Answers to these simple questions
are really difficult. The turbulence in the environment forces business organisations to find
newer ways to function. Business organisations to perform and excel need a clearer sense of
strategic vision and improved understanding of a rapidly changing environment. They need to
strategically manage their enterprises. It is interesting to see that businesses compete by
selling products that are similar in nature to the same group of customers. They differentiate
their products in order to sell. Business organisations that are able to exploit some form of
advantage are more profitable than their rivals. With the help of this self-study material on
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