Hawk - The Hidden Gulag - Exposing North Korea's Prison Camps 2003.pdf - e-books - yurigagarin

GULAG

Exposing North Korea’s

Prison Camps

Prisoners’ Testimonies

and Satellite Photographs

David Hawk

U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea

The Hidden

GULAG

Exposing North Korea’s

Prison Camps

Prisoners’ Testimonies

and Satellite Photographs

David Hawk

U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea

The Hidden

The U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea is an independent, nongovernmental organization

based in Washington, D.C. Created in 2001, the Committee was established to conduct independent research on

human rights abuses in North Korea, and to disseminate its findings. It is not affiliated with the U.S. government.

Board of Directors

Morton Abramowitz, The Century Foundation

Gary Ackerman, U.S. House of Representatives

Jaehoon Ahn, Radio Free Asia

Richard V. Allen, The Richard V. Allen Company

Robert L. Bernstein, founder of Human Rights Watch

Roberta Cohen, The Brookings Institution

Chuck Downs, author of Over the Line: North Korea’s Negotiating Strategy

Nicholas Eberstadt, American Enterprise Institute

Phil Fishman, AFL-CIO

Carl Gershman, National Endowment for Democracy

Helen-Louise Hunter, author of Kim Il-Song’s North Korea

Fred Charles Iklé, Center for Strategic and International Studies

Stephen Kahng, 4C Ventures

Mark Kirk, U.S. House of Representatives

Helie Lee, author of In the Absence of Sun: A Korean American Woman’s Promise

to Reunite Three Lost Generations of Her Family

James Lilley, American Enterprise Institute

Philip Merrill, Export-Import Bank

Marcus Noland, Institute for International Economics

Joseph Pitts, U.S. House of Representatives

Jack Rendler, Human rights advocate

Suzanne Scholte, Defense Forum Foundation

John Shattuck, John F. Kennedy Library Foundation

Stephen J. Solarz, APCO Worldwide

Debra Liang-Fenton, Executive Director

U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea

1101 15th Street, NW, Suite 800

Washington, DC 20005 USA

Tel: (202) 467-4765

Fax: (202) 293-6042

Web: WWW.HRNK.ORG

Report edited by Jennifer Fiore, Debra Liang-Fenton

About the Author

A prominent human rights investigator and advocate, David Hawk worked for the United Nations directing the

Cambodia Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights in 1996 and 1997. In the early and middle

1980s, Hawk investigated and analyzed the Khmer Rouge genocide, publishing groundbreaking prisoner/exe-

cution photographs and original documents in association with the Columbia University Center for the Study

of Human Rights. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Hawk established and directed the Cambodia

Documentation Commission (New York), which sought an international tribunal for the Khmer Rouge leader-

ship, and human rights provisions and mechanisms in the 1991 Cambodian peace treaty and U.N. transitional

peacekeeping operation.

In August 1995, Hawk traveled to Rwanda to investigate that nation’s massacres for the U.S. Committee for

Refugees, and in 1995, he returned to Kigali on a mission for Amnesty International. More recently, Hawk has

consulted for the Landmine Survivors Network on U.S. landmine policy and humanitarian assistance projects

in Cambodia and Vietnam. From 2001 to 2003, Hawk was a Brandeis University Fellow in Human Rights,

Intervention, and International Law. A former executive director of Amnesty International/USA, he has served

on the board of directors of that organization and on the advisory board of Human Rights Watch/Asia.

Hawk traveled to Seoul three times between August 2002 and February 2003 to interview former North

Korean prisoners now in exile in South Korea for this report.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea expresses its deep appreciation

to the Seoul-based Citizens’ Alliance for North Korean Human Rights (Citizens’

Alliance) and the Network for North Korean Democracy and Human Rights (NKnet)

for arranging interviews in South Korea. An additional interview was arranged by Pnan,

a refugee assistance group. The Committee also owes a debt of gratitude to the many

North Korean former prisoners for their patience during the painstaking process of col-

lecting information for this report, and for their courage for speaking out.

Obtaining the satellite images for this report would not have been possible without the

support of DigitalGlobe, a spatial imaging and information company based in the

United States. The Committee expresses its deep appreciation for DigitalGlobe’s support,

and for its important contributions in the field of satellite imaging.

This project has been made possible by the combined efforts of many talented and com-

mitted people. Highest appreciation goes to Matthew McKinzie, Sujin Hwang, Jason

Slemons, and Tom Cochran of the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental

advocacy organization, for their technical expertise related to the satellite photographic

images. The Committee is indebted to Benjamin Yoon and Young Ja Kim of the Citizens’

Alliance, and Howard Young of NKnet for their help, particularly in connection with the

Glossary of Repression. Special thanks go to Hae Young Lee of the Citizens’ Alliance for

her invaluable assistance in reviewing the plethora of maps and satellite photographs with

former North Korean prisoners, and for serving as skilled intermediary, translator, and

fact-checker. Louisa Coan Greve’s thoughtful review of the preliminary drafts of the

report has greatly enhanced the finished product. Appreciation goes to the anonymous

reviewers, and to Erin Sawaya for a range of assistance.

UK, February 2001).

Hawk - The Hidden Gulag - Exposing North Korea's Prison Camps 2003.pdf

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