Language, Brain, and Cognitive Development.pdf

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Language, Brain, and Cognitive Development
Emmanuel Dupoux
In the early 1960s, the bold project of the emerging field of cognition was to put the
human mind under the scrutiny of rational inquiry, through the conjoined efforts of
philosophy, linguistics, computer science, psychology, and neuroscience. Forty years later,
cognitive science is a flourishing academic field. The contributions to this collection,
written in honor of Jacques Mehler, a founder of the field of psycholinguistics, assess the
progress of cognitive science. The questions addressed include: What have we learned or
not learned about language, brain, and cognition? Where are we now? Where have we
failed? Where have we succeeded? The book is organized into four sections in addition to
the introduction: thought, language, neuroscience, and brain and biology. Some chapters
cut across several sections, attesting to the cross-disciplinary nature of the field.
by Christophe Pallier and Anne-Catherine Bachoud-Lévi
by Thomas G. Bever and David J. Townsend
Debate?
by Steven Pinker
by Anne Cutler, James M. McQueen, Dennis Norris and A. Somejuan
Lexical Processing
by Juan Segui, Ulricht Frauenfelder and Pierre Hallé
by Alfonso Caranaza, Michele Miozzo, Albert Costa, Neils Schiller and F.-Xavier Alario
by Merrill Garrett
Neurological Observations
by Willem J. M. Levelt
by Anne Christophe
by Stanislaus Dehaene, Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz and Laurent Cohen
mindwrapper
Preface
The history of the term “cognition” is rather short, even if the underlying
intellectual issues have been with us for quite a while. When I arrived in
Jacques Mehler’s Paris laboratory in 1984, “cognition” was either un-
known or had pretty bad press among most of my fellow graduate stu-
dents or professors at the Ecole Normale Sup´rieure. I was advised that
there were much more serious matters to be pursued, like, for instance,
psychoanalysis or artificial intelligence. Fortunately enough, I was also
directed to Jacques’s lab where I discovered that there existed a domain,
called cognitive science , which project was boldly to put the human mind
under the scrutiny of rational inquiry, and to do so through the conjoined
fire of philosophy, linguistics, computer science, psychology, and neuro-
science. Further, I discovered that this field of inquiry had started more
than twenty years ago in the United States, and that Jacques was one of
its prominent protagonists.
Jacques’s contribution to this field is uncontested. He made impor-
tant discoveries both in adult and infant cognition, some of which are
discussed in this book. He created and still is the editor-in-chief of an
international journal, Cognition , one of the most innovative and pres-
tigious in the field (see the chapter by Bever, Franck, Morton, and
Pinker). He started a lab at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences So-
ciales in Paris, featuring one of the very few newborn testing units in the
world, and trained with enthusiasm, warmth, and rigor several genera-
tions of scientists, who now work in some of the most interesting places
in Europe. All of this was achieved in the Paris of the sixties and post-
sixties, not a small feat considering the quite unreceptive intellectual

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