Manual Of Yacht And Boat Sailing And Architecture - Kemp.pdf

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DIXON KEMP
M ANUAL OF Y ACHT AND B OAT S AILING
AND A RCHITECTURE
DIXON KEMP
(11th and final edition, 1913)
A .
Aboard .--
Inside a ship or on the deck of a ship. "Come aboard, sir," is a sailor's
way of reporting himself on board after leave of absence. To run or fall
aboard a vessel is for one vessel to come into collision with another. A
sail is said to fall aboard when, from the lightness of the wind or other
causes, it ceases to blow out. To haul the boom aboard is to haul the
boom in by the mainsheet from off the lee quarter.
About .--
Having tacked. "She's about!" she is going to tack or has tacked.
"Ready about" is the signal given for the men to prepare to tack the
ship. "About ship!" or "'Bout ship !" is the order given to tack, that is to
put the vessel on the opposite tack to the one she is on when the order is
given to tack. To go about is to tack.
Abreast .--
Synonymous with "Abeam." Side by side. To Breast.-- To come
abreast.
Absence Flag .--
A rectangular blue flag hoisted below the starboard crosstree to denote
that the owner is not on board the yacht. When the owner steps on
board the flag is lowered. This is an American custom which is
gradually being adopted in Europe. It is a most useful regulation.
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Accommodation .—
The cabins of a vessel.
Accommodation Ladder .--
A side ladder, with platform, for boarding vessels. In the case of yachts,
they are usually made to fold up on the bulwarks when the yacht is
under way.
Acker .—
A tide coming on the top of another tide.
Ackers' Scale .--
A graduated time allowance on a tonnage incidence computed by the
late Mr. G. Holland Ackers in 1850, long since superseded by other
scales.
A-Cock Bill or Cock Bill .--
An anchor hanging from the cat head ready to let go. The situation of
yards when one arm is topped up as a sign of mourning.
Across Tide .--
Crossing the stream of the tide so that it comes broadside on. If a vessel
in beating to windward crosses a tide fairly at right angles on one tack,
she will stem it on the next or have it stern on, according to whether the
tide be lee-going or weathergoing. (See "Weather-tide.")
Admeasurement .--
An old-fashioned expression for the builder's tonnage of a ship
calculated by length and breadth, and abbreviated O.M. (old measure-
ment) and B.M. (Builder's Measurement).
Admiral .--
The highest rank in the Navy. Formerly there were admirals of the red,
white, and blue, with the intermediate ranks of vice and rear of the red,
white, and blue. When the white ensign was taken exclusively for the
Royal Navy in 1857, the red, white, and blue divisions were done away
with. Admirals now fly a St. George's Jack, which is a white square flag
with red St. George cross in it at the main, fore, or mizen, according to
their rank. A vice-admiral has a red ball in the upper (hoist) canton of
the flag; a rear-admiral two balls.
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Admiral of the Fleet . --
An honorary distinction bestowed on admirals for long service, &c. If
an admiral of the fleet has a command, he hoists the "union" at the
main.
Admiral of the Royal Yacht Squadron .--
His Majesty the King is Admiral of the R.Y.S., and flies the St.
George's Jack with the Imperial crown in the centre of the cross.
Admiralty Flag .--
A red flag with yellow fouled anchor (horizontal) in it, flown by the
Sovereign and Lords of the Admiralty.
Admiralty Warrants . --
Warrants granted to clubs and the members thereof, granting
permission to fly the white ensign, or the blue ensign, or the red ensign
with device on it. The Admiralty warrants granted to yachts are of two
kinds:
(1) The Warrant granted to the Club.
(2) The Warrant granted to the individual Yacht owner who is a
member of the Club.
Thus in order that a yacht may have the right to fly X the White Ensign,
Y the Blue Ensign, or the Blue ensign with a device, or Z the Red
Ensign with a device it is necessary that the club to which the owner
belongs must hold Warrant No. 1 and that the owner must obtain
through the secretary of the club and hold for his yacht Warrant No. 2.
Warrants will only be granted to yachts which are registered according
to the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Act.
Adrift .--
Floating with the tide. Generally driving about without control. Also a
vessel is said to be adrift when she breaks away from her moorings,
warps, &c. The term is also applied to loose spars rolling about the
deck; sheets or ropes which are not belayed, &c.
Afloat .--
The state of being waterborne after being aground. To be on board ship.
Afore .—
The contrary of abaft. Towards the forward end of anything.
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Aft .--
An abbreviation of abaft, generally applied to the stern. To go aft is to
walk towards the stern; to launch aft is to move a spar or anything else
towards the stern. To haul aft the sheets is to bring the clew of the sail
more aboard by hauling on the sheets.
After .—
The state of being aft, as after-sail, after-leech, after-side, &c.
After Body .—
The part of a vessel abaft her midship section.
After End .--
The stern end of a vessel or anything else, or the end of anything
nearest the stern of a vessel.
After-Guard .--
Men stationed aft to work sheets, &c. In racing yachts, if there be any
amateurs on board, they are generally made use of as an after-guard. In
merchant ships the ordinary seamen or landsmen enjoy the distinction.
After-most . –
A thing or point situated the most aft of all.
Afternoon Watch .—
The watch between noon and four o'clock.
After Part .—
The stern extremities of a vessel or anything else.
After Peak .--
The hold of a vessel near the run. A small cuddy or locker made in the
run of a boat aft.
After Rake .--
Contrary to fore rake. The rake or overhang the stern post has abaft the
heel of the keel. To incline sternwards.
Aftward .—
Towards the stern; contrary to forward.
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Against the Sun .--
An expression used to show how a rope is coiled: from right to left is
against the sun, from left to right is with the sun. The wind is said to
blow against the sun when it comes from the westward, and to back
when it changes from west to east by the south.
Agreement .--
The document executed, when a vessel is built, by the builder and the
person for whom the vessel is being built. The following is a form of
agreement which has been used: [The specification relates to a wood
yacht of about 22 tons; deleted, it's very long.]
Agreement with Crew .--
A form of agreement provided by the Board of Trade for yacht sailors
to "sign articles" on.
Aground .--
A vessel is said to be aground when her keel or bottom rests on the
ground.
Ahead .—
Forward; in advance of.
Ahoy .--
An interjection used to attract attention . In hailing a vessel, as "Cetonia
Ahoy!"
A-Hull .--
A ship under bare poles, with her helm lashed a-lee. An abandoned
ship.
Airtight Cases for Small Boats .--
By airtight cases are meant cases that will keep out water. The most
general form of case is made of zinc, copper, or Muntz metal.
Macintosh bags have been used; they are put inside wood lockers, and
then inflated, the object of inflation being of course to fill the lockers,
and thus practically making the lockers impervious to the influx of
water. As any kind of bag is liable to be punctured or otherwise
damaged, metal cases are to be preferred -- they should be fitted inside
wood lockers. To render a boat unsubmergeable she must be provided
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