MagPi03.pdf

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A A M M a a g g a a z z i i n n e e f f o o r r R R a a s s p p b b e e r r r r y y P P i i U U s s e e r r s s

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G G A A M M E E S S

• • D D e e b b i i a a n n E E s s s s e e n n t t i i a a l l s s

• • T T h h e e C C C C a a v v e e

T T O O T T R R Y Y

O O N N Y Y O O U U R R P P I I

• • S S c c r r a a t t c c h h P P a a t t c c h h

• • P P r r o o g g r r a a m m m m i i n n g g

F F u u n n d d a a m m e e n n t t a a l l s s

h h t t t t p p : : / / / / w w w w w w . . t t h h e e m m a a g g p p i i . . c c o o m m

RaspberryPi isatrademarkofTheRaspberryPiFoundation.

FrontCoverandFeedbackimageswerecreatedusingPhotofunia

WelcometoIssue3ofTheMagPi,acommunityledmagazinekeepingyouuptodatewith

allthingsRaspberryPi.

Thismonthhasseentheteamworkinghardsearchingandtesting9000stableDebian

packages,andidentifyingover150gamesand43appstotryoutonyourPi.

Meltwaterintroduceshisarticle‘MeetingPi’,offeringideasandtipsonintroducingthe

RaspberryPitousersofveryyoungages.Wefeatureanarticleonlowlevelprogramming

usingCandAlexKerrhasproducedhisarticle‘Programmingfundamentals’describing

howtousevariables,‘If’statementsandloops.

BodgeNHackittcontinueshisseries,explaininghowtoprogramtheUSBroboticarm

usingPython.DarrenteachesusmoreoninterfacingwiththePi,plusmorefromthe

reader’sfavouritesCommandline,ScratchPatchandthePythonPit.

Anemailthatcaughtmyeyethismonth

wasfromCaytonJohn,aged7,readingup

onthefirsteditionoftheMagPi.

Couldthisbeouryoungestreader?

Ifyouhavephotosreadingourmagazine,

pleasesendthemtoeditor@themagpi.com.

OnbehalfofTheMagPiteamwewanttothankWillBengtsonandhisteamatQRtfor

givingusourbeautiful,personalTheMagPiQRcode.Pleasecheckouttheirsiteat

http://QRt.coandseetheirclevergeneratorandotherattractivework.

Finally,keepyourquestionsforLizandEbencominginandlookforourofficialinterview

innextmonth'smagazine.

WehopeyoucontinuetoenjoyreadingTheMagPiandthatit

inspiresyoutogetprogramming.

AshStone

ChiefEditorofTheMagPi

G G E E T T T T I I N N G G Y Y O O U U R R R R A A S S P P B B E E R R R R Y Y P P I I T T O O

A A U U T T O O B B O O O O T T T T O O L L X X D D E E W W I I T T H H O O U U T T L L O O G G I I N N

If you are tired of logging in to your Debian SD card with username: pi, password:

raspberry and then typing startx, you can get your Raspberry Pi to boot straight to the

graphical interface without having to type anything...

After logging in type:

sudonano/etc/inittab

Scroll down to the line:

1:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty115200tty1

Change it to:

#1:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty115200tty1

(Put a # at the beginning to comment it out)

Add a line under it:

1:2345:respawn:/bin/login-fpitty1</dev/tty1>/dev/tty12>&1

Press CTRL+X and Y to save changes

Then type:

sudonano~/.bash_profile

Type in:

startx

Press CTRL+X and Y to save changes

Then

sudoreboot

Your Raspberry Pi should now boot up to LXDE automatically. I'm sure that will make many of you happy!

Make sure to follow these instructions carefully and be aware of the lack of security - the contents of your Raspberry Pi

are now open to anyone that has access to it. More useful Debian tips are on the next page.

ArticlebyJaseman

Contents

Debian Essentials

P.04

P.22

The C Cave

Interfacing (In Control) Part 2

P.07

P.24

The Scratch Patch

Command Line Clinic

P.1 0

P.26

The Python Pit

Skutter Part 2

P.1 4

P.29

Programming Fundamentals

Protect Your GPIO Connector

P.1 6

P.30

Feedback

Meeting Pi

P.20

P.32

Weblinks & Credits

You should also check the settings of your TV or monitor

(4:3/16:9 aspect ratio, image adjust, pan and zoom

settings).

INSTALLING THE SOUND DRIVER MODULE

If you intend to have sound through the TV, make sure the

TV volume is up, otherwise connect a 3.5mm headphone

cable from the Pi's analogue output to your

speakers/stereo equipment and switch them on.

E E S S S S E E N N T T I I A A L L S S F F O O R R Y Y O O U U R R R R A A S S P P B B E E R R R R Y Y P P I I

These procedures were tested with

debian6-1 9-04-201 2.img. Get the latest

from http://raspberrypi.org/downloads

Type the following at the command prompt:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install alsa-utils (Answer 'Y' if asked about

disk space used)

sudo modprobe snd_bcm2835

( You will need to have your Pi connected to the internet. )

REMOVING THE BLACK BORDER FROM

AROUND THE SCREEN

If you want sound through the HDMI cable type:

sudo amixer cset numid=3 2

This step is only required if you are finding a black border

around the edge of your screen or the image overlaps the

screen.

Or if you want sound through the analogue (headphone)

socket type:

sudo amixer cset numid=3 1

After booting up debian, login with

username: pi

password: raspberry

To make sure the sound driver module gets loaded each

time you boot up type:

sudo nano /etc/modules

At the pi@raspberrypi:~$ prompt, type in:

sudo nano /boot/config.txt

At the bottom of the file add the following:

snd_bcm2835

Type the following into the nano text editor:

overscan_left=-10

overscan_right=-10

overscan_top=-10

overscan_bottom=-10

Press Ctrl+X and then Y to save the changes.

Reboot the Pi:

sudo reboot

Press Ctrl+X to Exit and Y to say Yes to saving the

changes.

startx

When you are back at the command prompt type:

sudo reboot

When LXDE has loaded, select 'Music Player' (LXMusic)

from the Sound & Video menu . Press the Play button. If all

is well you should hear a 40 second piece of music called

'Cellule' by Silence.

Wait for the Pi to reboot and see if the borders have gone.

Repeat the process above changing the numbers by

minus 10 each time until the border is gone. I found that

my HDMI monitor required -40 for all settings, but my TV

worked best with zero for left and right and -20 for both

top and bottom. You will need to find the best settings to

suit your particular screen. If the picture goes off the edge

of the screen, just use positive numbers for the overscan

values.

You can use the File Manager to copy MP3 music from a

USB memory stick into your home folder or play them

directly through Music Player. Note, however, that it won't

play WMA files.

FIXING GEANY (Python Editor)

When trying to execute Python scripts from Geany you will

get an error.

IF AFTER REBOOTING YOU ARE GETTING NO PICTURE:

You can reset the settings back to default by typing

blindly:

raspberry

sudo rm /boot/config.txt -R

sudo reboot

To resolve this, go to Edit>Preferences>Tools.

Change the 'Terminal:' setting from 'xterm' to

'/usr/bin/lxterminal'.

Click Apply and OK.

This will remove the config.txt file completely. After the

reboot your picture should return. Try setting your

overscan again with slightly lower numbers until you find

the best values.

INSTALLING OMXPLAYER (Command Line

Movie Player)

The OMXPlayer will allow you to play AVI and MP4 movies

on your Raspberry Pi.

Alternatively, if you have a Windows PC and a card reader

you can access the config.txt file and edit it with the

Windows Notepad program.

At the command prompt type:

sudo apt-get install omxplayer

Use File Manager to copy some movie files from a USB

device into your home folder then from the command

prompt type:

omxplayer filename

openoffice.org Office Productivity Suite

oxine Media Center for MPEG, MP3 and WMA

qrencode QR Code encoder>PNG image (Type qrencode

<string> -o filename)

schism ImpulseTracker Clone

scribus Desktop Publishing (Used to produce The MagPi)

ghostscript PostScript/PDF interpreter (Use with Scribus)

tuxpaint A Paint Program For Young Children

xball Simulate bouncing balls in a window (Click and drag

in the window)

xchat IRC Chat Client

xcircuit Electrical Diagram Package

xine-ui Media Player for MPEG, MP3 and WMA

xpad Sticky Note Application

xpaint Simple Paint Program

xtrkcad Model Train Track CAD Program

yakuake A terminal window drops down from the top of

the screen when you press F12.

While playing press 'p' to pause and 'q' to quit. Use arrow

keys to jump forward/back.

INSTALLING CHROMIUM WEB BROWSER

Chromium is slow on the Pi, but it works well with the

following useful websites:

http://qwebirc.swiftirc.net - instant messenger chat rooms

http://www.dropbox.com - upload/download/share/transfer

http://www.gmail.com in Basic HTML mode - send/receive

Google email with attachments

sudo apt-get install chromium-browser

INSTALLING XPDF

3dchess Game (3x2d boards)

abe Abe's Amazing Adventure Game

ace-of-penguins Freecell, Solitaire+ Minesweeper, Teipei...

airstrike 2D Airplane Dogfighting Game

atom4 Color Puzzle Game

atris Tetris game

balazar3-2d Cool 3D Game

beneath-a-steel-sky Sci-fi Adventure Game (Nice Intro!)

blobwars Metal Blob Solid - Amazing 2D Platform Game

blockade Puzzle Game - command line 'sudo blockade'

bumprace 2D Space Maze Game

bygfoot Football Manager Game

ceferino Don Ceferino Hazaa Platform Game

childsplay Interactive Childrens Games Collection

crimson Crimson Fields Tactical Game

dangen Strange Shoot 'Em Up Game

dodgindiamond2 Arcade Shoot 'Em Up (Press M for Fire)

dossizola Isola Board Game

empire Text-Only Empire Building Game

enigma Puzzle Game

etw Eat The Whistle Football Arcade Game

fillets-ng Fish Fillets Puzzle Game

flobopuyo Connect4 meets Tetris

freealchemist Block Game

freedink RPG (Use GNU Free Dink from Other)

freedroid Paranoid Game Clone

frozen-bubble Frozen Bubble 2 Game

geki2 Xenon-like vertical shoot'em up (Fantastic!)

geki3 R-Type-like horizontal shoot'em up (Amazing)

ghextris A Tetrissudo-like Game On A Hexagonal Grid

glotski Slide Blocks To Reach A Goal

glpeces Tangram Puzzle Game Clone

gmchess Chinese Chess Game (Xiangqi)

gnugo The Game Of 'Go'

gnujump Plaftorm Game

gnuminishogi Mini Shogi 5x5 Board (Type 'help')

golly Game of Life Simulator

gravitywars Gravity Force Clone

grhino Othello/Reversi Board Game

groundhog Simple Logic Game

gtans Tangram Puzzle Game

gtkatlantic Game Like Monopoly

gtkballs Logic Game

gtkboard Many Board Games In One Program

XPDF is a free PDF document viewer.

Download The MagPi PDF files by opening the Midori web

browser and visiting http://www.themagpi.com. Click on

one of the PDF download mirrors. Choose 'Save' and

watch the progress of the download at the bottom right of

the browser.

At the command line, type:

ls (check that The MagPi Issue X Final.pdf is listed)

sudo apt-get install xpdf (Type Y if asked about space)

xpdf "The Magpi Issue 1 Final.pdf" (Wait a moment and

the PDF document should be displayed)

OTHER APPS AND GAMES

NOTE: Some of these get listed under 'Other' in

the LXDE menu.

To install use: sudo apt-get install <name>

To uninstall: sudo apt-get remove <name>

To clean up: sudo apt-get autoremove

abiword Word Processor

amsn MSN Messenger (Slow to open/close but works)

audacity Audio Editor / Player

avifile-player Useless for video but plays WMA+MP3 music

brandy BBC BASIC V Programming (Type 'brandy')

bwbasic Bywater BASIC Programming (Type 'bwbasic')

espeak Command Line Text2Speech Synth

evolution Email Calendar Contacts Memos Tasks

extcalc Powerful Scientific Calculator

feh Command Line Image Viewer (With many options)

filezilla FTP file sharing client

fotoxx Photo Editor

fraqtive Mandelbrot Designer

galculator Calculator

gimp GNU Image Manipulation Program

gnumeric Spreadsheets

gpaint MS Paint-like drawing

grafx2 256-Color Paint Program

grisbi Personal Finance Management Program

homebank Manage Personal Accounts At Home

lifeograph Private digital diary

matchbox On-screen Keyboard

mc Midnight Commander - terminal file manager (Type

'mc')

milkytracker Music creation tool inspired by Fast Tracker 2

mtpaint Powerful Graphic Editor

Continuedoverpage...

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