115.pdf

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

EUROPEAN HOLIDAYS

I. Read the text and do the exercises below. Przeczytaj tekst i wykonaj ęwiczenia

Are you going on holiday this year? Are you travelling abroad or staying in Britain? Whether

you're venturing near or far, you can still look for wildlife while you're away. We've been

taking a close look at some popular holiday destinations to bring you these handy guides

Spain

When you think of Spain you probably think of the miles of golden, sandy beaches along the

Mediterranean coast. But you might be surprised to know that Spain is the second most

mountainous country in Europe. There are lots of different habitats from the snowy mountains

of the Sierra Nevada to the barren landscape of the Almera, Europe's only true desert. As the

Spanish climate is so varied there is a huge variety of wildlife to be found there. If you're

going on holiday to Spain this summer, then keep a look out for wildlife. Whether you're by

the sea in the Mediterranean or high up in the mountains of Northern Spain, keep your eyes

open for some of the following animals.

Greece

Greece is made up of a mainland peninsula and about 1,400 islands. Less than 200 of the

islands are inhabited, but many of these such as Corfu, Rhodes and Crete have become

popular holiday destinations. If you like birdwatching then Greece is a good place to go on

holiday. You'll be able to see Mediterranean species like swallows, bee-eaters and larks, as

well as some more unusual birds like pelicans. Apart from birds, there are lots of other

animals to see in Greece. So from tiger moths to turtles, you can certainly have a really wild

time if you're staying there on holiday this summer.

Italy

You might hear Italy referred to as Òthe boot of EuropeÓ, and thatÓs because itÓs shaped like a

high-heeled boot. Italy is an extremely mountainous country. ItÓs separated from France,

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia by the Alps, and the mountains that run all the way down

the centre of Italy are called the Apennines. It would be almost like being on safari in Africa if

you came across a porcupine in the Italian forests this summer! Italy is the only country in

Europe where you'll find these spiny creatures. So take a look at our holiday guide and find

out more about them, and some of the other wildlife you might spot in Italy.

1. Match the words with their translations. PoþĢcz wyrazy z ich tþumaczeniami

venture

ęma

habitats

jaþowy

barren

jaskþka

peninsula

jeŇozwierz

swallow

na wysokim obcasie

bee-eaters

pþwysep

lark

skowronek

moth

Ļrodowisko

high-heeled

wyruszaę

porcupine

zamieszkaþy

spiny

ņoþna

2. Mark the sentences true (T) or false (F). Zdecyduj, ktre z poniŇszych zdaı sĢ

prawdziwe (T) a krre faþszywe (F)

1. There are many mountains in Spain

2. EuropeÓs only desert is in Greece

3. The only country in Europe where you can find porcupine is Spain

4. Italy looks like a boot on the map

5. Greece is situated on land and on islands

6. The best place to watch birds is Italy

7. There are two major mountain ranges in Italy

8. Spain has the most varied climate

9. You can find a lot of desert islands in Greece

II. Grammar tenses review

ENGLISH TENSES

tense

PRESENT

PAST

FUTURE

SIMPLE repeated actions:

She drinks everyday

common truths:

Cats donÓt fly

timetables:

finished action:

He died last year

actions happened

immediately one

after another:

predictions:

He will probably

accept your offer

onÎthe-spot

decisions:

inhabited

kolczasty

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

The plane lands at 6:00

dramatic narration:

She takes the knife and

kills him

instructions, directions:

You bake the cake 25min

She paid and went

out

past states:

Life was easier ten

years ago

IÓll take coffee and

cheesecake

for promises, regrets,

threats, hopes, offers:

Will you help me?

unavoidable actions

out of our control:

It will snow

tomorrow

CONTINUOUS actions happening now:

IÓm writing a text at the

moment

actions happening around

now:

IÓm looking for a job

these days

irritating situations:

She is always coming late

planned actions in near

future:

IÓm going to London next

week

changing situations:

Many people are

becoming jobless

actions in progress in

the past:

I was watching a film

at nine

action in progress

interrupted by

another action:

I was sleeping when

he came

two simultainous

actions:

I was reading when

you were cooking

atmosphere of a

story:

He was walking

down the street on

Monday morning

future action in

progress:

IÓll be lying on a

beach this time next

week

arranged future

action:

IÓll be seeing you

later

polite questions

about near future

plans:

Will you be using the

phone now?

PERFECT actions started in the

past:

IÓve worked here for 5

years

with visible results:

IÓve eaten dinner

when time is unknown:

IÓve seen this film

action happened in a

period that is not over:

She has painted 5

pictures today

action happened

before another past

action:

When she came the

film had already

started

past action whose

results are visible in

the past:

He was happy

because he had

passed the exam

actions that will be

finished before a

given time:

IÓll have written the

letters by noon

PERFECT

CONTUNUOUS

like present perfect but

the emphasis is on the

duration of an action or

irritation:

She has been doing her

homework all day today.

like past perfect but

the emphasis is on

the duration of an

action:

I had been looking

for these papers for

years before I found

them

like future perfect but

the emphasis is on

the duration of an

action:

By next week weÓll

have been married

for 10 years

IÓve been walking all

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

morning.

HeÓs been lying to us all

this time.

I had been waiting

for an hour before

they came

1. Rewrite the sentences using the word in capital letters. Przeksztaþę zdania tak, aby

zawieraþy podany wyraz.

1. She started skiing when she was 6

SINCE

She ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.. 6 years old

2. I bought this car 10 years ago

FOR

I ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..10 years

3. When did you sell this house?

SINCE

How long ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..this house?

4. It was the first time I danced tango

NEVER

I ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..tango before

5. She has never seen an elephant before

TIME

It ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..an elephant

6. ItÓs 5 years since I last saw her

HAVE

I ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..5 years

7. They are still doing their homework

FINISHED

They ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..their homework yet

AGO

How ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..to London

9. We havenÓt been to Italy for 3 years

TIME

The last ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..3 years ago

10. On Monday we will be celebrating our second anniversary

MARRIED

On Monday ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..two years

2. Choose the right answer. Wybierz wþaĻciwĢ odpowiedŅ

1. ÒWe should hurry upÓ

ÒYes the plane ÈÈÈÈÈÈ... in an hourÓ

a. has left b. will have left c. is leaving

2. ÒWhere is the book I was readingÓ

When did she move to London?

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

ÒI lent it to Tom. I thought you ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.. reading itÓ

a. have finished b. had finished c. will have finished

3. ÒYou look tiredÓ

ÒThatÓs because I ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.. all nightÓ

a. have been working b. am working c. will be working

4. ÒThey donÓt play wellÓ

ÒI know, IÓm afraid they ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈthe matchÓ

a. will be losing b. will have lost c. will lose

5. ÒHow long ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ. married?Ó

ÒSince MayÓ

a. are you b. have you been c. are you being

6. ÒLetÓs go to the cinemaÓ

ÒI have to wait until my parents ÈÈÈÈÈ..Ó

a. will come back b. come back c. are going to come back

7. ÒIÓm sorry to be lateÓ

ÒI ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ for two hours!Ó

a. have been waiting b. I am waiting c. was waiting

8. ÒYou didnÓt answer the phone last nightÓ

ÒI ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈa shower when the telephone rangÓ

a. was taking b. had been taking c. took

9. ÒWhat is this?Ó

ÒI donÓt know, I found it when I ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ your papersÓ

a. looked through b. was looking c. have been looking through

10. ÒWhere do you know him from?Ó

ÒI ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..for him before joining this companyÓ

a. I had been working b. worked c. have worked

KEY

venture

wyruszaę

habitats

Ļrodowisko

peninsula

pþwysep

inhabited

zamieszkaþy

barren

jaþowy

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