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Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
SUNSHINE
I. Read the text and do the exercises. Przeczytaj tekst i wykonaj ęwiczenia
1ÈÈÈ
In 15 minutes, the sun radiates as much energy to Earth as the world's population
consumes in all forms, during an entire year
A two-week Mediterranean holiday gives the equivalent of a whole year of exposure
to the sun in the UK
Skin cancer affects around 50,000 Britons every year and kills more than 2% of them.
Half of all Australians will develop the disease
skin
New research suggests that sunshine may reduce the risk of many forms of cancer,
such as breast and prostate cancer
2 ÈÈÈ
o
Expose yourself to the sun gradually until a good base tan is developed
o
Sunbathe for a maximum of 30 minutes on the first day, adding 5 or 10 minutes each
day
o
Use an after-sun lotion. This moisturises the skin and helps keep your tan for longer
o
Wear clothes that cover your arms and legs after sunbathing to prevent further
exposure
o
Inspect moles and freckles monthly, noting any changes. If you notice any, inform
your GP*
o
DonÓt expose pale skin without a sunscreen of at least SPF15
o
If you've got sunburn, don't expose your skin further until it has healed
o
Don't use butter or petroleum-based suntan lotions - they encourage sunburn
o
Don't go out in the sun without sunglasses that give UVA and UVB protection, or you
risk developing cataracts
o
Don't expose babies under the age of six months to any amount of UV rays. Babies'
skin is more sensitive to the sun
3 ÈÈÈ
After years of adverse publicity, new research suggests that sunshine actually does bathe us in
a favourable light after all. Scientists believe sunlight may reduce the risk of several types of
cancer. Recent studies have found that sunlight can help protect you from cancer of the:
breast, ovary, bladder, womb, stomach, prostate gland
The sun also provides us with our main source of vitamin D.
Scientists have long been aware that it strengthens our bones and muscles and boosts the
immune system.
Ten minutes of daily exposure to sunlight will supply us with all the vitamin D that we need.
The principal function of this vitamin is to promote calcium transfer across cell membranes.
This contributes to strong bones and a contented nervous system.
1
Sunbeds are as dangerous as the sun because their radiation penetrates deeper into the
Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
Low vitamin D is associated with several autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis,
and arthritis. Recent laboratory experiments suggest that vitamin D can also prevent the
growth and spread of cancerous tumors.
Apart from the obvious positive associations we have with a sunny day, the sun can alter your
mood chemically and even prevent depression.
The onset of spring gives thousands of people relief from 'seasonal affective disorder' or SAD.
This miserable condition is a suppression of serotonin experienced by many who are deprived
of sunlight during the winter months. BBC science
*GP = General Practitioner Î lekarz pierwszego kontaktu
1.
Match the titles with the paragraphs. PoþĢcz nagþwki z odpowiednimi
paragrafami
a. Facts about the sun b. The benefits of sunlight c. Useful tips
2.
Match the words from the text with their Polish translation. PoþĢcz wyrazy z
tekstu z ich polskim tþumaczeniem
Petroleum
Benzyna
Rays
Blady
Favourable
Dostarczaę
Ovary
Gþwny
Bladder
Gruczoþ
Womb
Guz
Gland
Jajnik
Source
Komrka
Boost
Macica
Immune
NadejĻcie
Supply
NawilŇaę
Principal
Negatywny
Calcium
OdpornoĻciowy
Cell
Pħcherz
multiple sclerosis
Piegi
Tumor
Pozbawiony
Alter
Pozytywny
Onset
Promienie
Relief
Smutny
Miserable
Stþumienie
Suppression
Stwardnienie rozsiane
Deprived
Ulga
Pale
Wapno
Moles
Zmieniaę
Freckles
Znamiona
Entire
ńrdþo
Moisturise
Zwiħkszaę
2
Adverse
Caþy
Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
3.
Decide whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F). Zdecyduj czy podane
zdania sĢ prawdziwe czy faþszywe:
1.
Sunbeds are safer then the sun
2.
Sun may reduce the risk of lung cancer
3.
Vitamin D strengthens the bones
4.
Sunbathing leads to depression
5.
Too much vitamin D may cause multiple sclerosis
4.
Choose the right alternative. Wybierz wþaĻciwĢ opcjħ
1.
You
should / shouldnÓt
sunbathe step by step increasing slowly the tan
2.
You
should / shouldnÓt
wear sunglasses that give UVA and UVB protection
3.
You
should / shouldnÓt
use butter instead of sunscreen
4.
You
should / shouldnÓt
use a strong sunscreen if your skin is pale
5.
You
should / shouldnÓt
wear long sleeves and trousers after sunbathing
6.
You
should / shouldnÓt
moisturize your skin after sunbathing
7.
You
should / shouldnÓt
sunbathe if you have a sunburn
8.
You
should / shouldnÓt
observe any changes in the size and colour of your freckles
9.
You
should / shouldnÓt
for more than 30 minutes on the first day
10.
You
should / shouldnÓt
take small babies with you into the sun
II. MAKE and DO
We use
DO
:
-
to express daily activities: do homework / the dishes / shopping etc.
-
to talk about things in general: do something / nothing / anything etc.
-
in fixed expressions: do one's best / do harm / do a favour / do business etc.
We use
MAKE
:
-
to express creation or construction: make a mess / make coffee
-
in fixed expressions: make peace / noise / money / an effort etc
1.
Complete the sentences with DO or MAKE. Uzupeþnij zdania wstawiajĢc DO lub
MAKE
1.
We all should ÈÈÈÈ peace not war
2.
May I ÈÈÈÈ a telephone call?
3.
construction machines ÈÈÈÈ a lot of noise
4.
All good students ÈÈÈÈ their homework for the last lesson.
5.
I will ÈÈÈÈ you a cup of tea
6.
It will ÈÈÈÈ you good to go on holiday.
7.
My little sister always ÈÈÈÈ a mess in my room
8.
It is not always easy to ÈÈÈÈ the right decision.
9.
If you ÈÈÈÈ the washing-up, IÓll put the baby to bed
10.
She is sociable so itÓs not difficult for her to ÈÈÈÈ friends.
11.
IÓm not ÈÈÈÈ anything at the moment so I can help you.
3
Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
12.
We will not ÈÈÈÈ any exceptions.
13.
What are you ÈÈÈÈ this evening?
14.
The doctors ÈÈÈÈ their best but the patient died
15.
They ÈÈÈÈ an effort to climb this mountain but they failed
2.
Match the proverbs with MAKE with their meanings. PoþĢcz przysþowia z
MAKE z ich wyjaĻnieniami
1.
Make hay while the sun shines
2.
All work and no play makes Jack a
a.
DonÓt treat a problem as if it was
very serious when in fact it is not
b.
If you do an activity regularly, you
will become very good at it
c.
To take the opportunity to do
something now, because you may not be
able to do it later
d.
It is better to do something slowly,
because if you do it too quickly you will
make mistakes
e.
You are judged on the basis of what
you wear
f.
You must accept the results of your
actions, even if they are bad
g.
When something begins well it is
likely to end in the same way
h.
A person who never takes time off
from work becomes boring
i.
Being away from someone makes
you like them more
j.
Large tasks become small when
divided among several people
dull boy
3.
Many hands make light work.
4.
Don't make a mountain out of a
molehill.
5.
Clothes make the man
6.
Great starts make great finishes
7.
Practice makes perfect
8.
Absence makes the heart grow
fonder
9.
Haste makes waste
10.
you've made your bed and you must
lie on it
4
Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
Key
I.
1.
1. a 2. c 3. b
2.
Petroleum
Rays
Promienie
Adverse
Negatywny
Favourable
Pozytywny
Ovary
Jajnik
Bladder
Pħcherz
Womb
Macica
Gland
Gruczoþ
Source
ńrdþo
Boost
Zwiħkszaę
Immune
OdpornoĻciowy
Supply
Dostarczaę
Principal
Gþwny
Calcium
Wapno
Cell
Komrka
multiple sclerosis
Stwardnienie rozsiane
Tumor
Guz
Alter
Zmieniaę
Onset
NadejĻcie
Relief
Ulga
Miserable
Smutny
Suppression
Stþumienie
Deprived
Pozbawiony
Pale
Blady
Moles
Znamiona
Freckles
Piegi
Entire
Caþy
Moisturise
NawilŇaę
3.
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. F
4.
1. should
2. should
3. shouldnÓt
4. should
5. should
6. should
7. shouldnÓt
8. should
9. shouldnÓt
10. shouldnÓt
5
Benzyna
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