FM 7-93-J LSRU Night Movements.pdf

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APPENDIX J

MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES AND BATTLE DRILLS

LRS units use movement techniques and battle drills the same as any other unit in the Army.

These techniques vary due to the specific needs of an LRS unit. LRS units rehearse

movement techniques and battle drills before every mission. After enemy contact they

continue the mission or move out of area of operations (evasion and escape). They use

deliberate movement. Leaders do not tire out team members (the units watch for trip wires

and booby traps). The units use countertracking measures, and sterilization. They use

terrain association whenever the situation permits (avoid using direct azimuth). The units

react quickly to enemy situations to ensure they have a good chance of survival.

J-1. MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES

Leaders choose movement formations based on METT-T. All arm-and-hand signals are modified so

they are at shoulder level or below. Too much movement over the head may reveal the position. The

following are the minimum arm-and-hand signals an LRS team should be proficient in using. (See FM

21-60 for more information.)

z Security halt (extended).

z Short halt.

z Listen.

z Look.

z Enemy.

z Danger area.

z Move out.

z Rally point.

z Hide site.

z File formation.

z Diamond formation.

z Freeze.

z Head count.

z Pace count.

z Increase speed.

z All clear.

z Cease firing.

a. File . The distance between team members should be about 5 to 10 feet. This allows each member to

help the other team member in front of or behind him from being entangled in the vegetation ( Figure J-

1 ).

(1) Each member can warn the other team members physically or orally of the approaching enemy

without a delay or unnecessary noise or movement. If the team members do not take the time to

avoid breaking the vegetation, they can be easily tracked. The team moves slowly and easily and

takes listening and rest breaks often.

(2) A variation to the file is to have an observer behind the senior observer in heavy vegetation so

they can trade off during movement. Also, if the likelihood of enemy contact increases and booby

traps are probable, the senior observer can concentrate on finding the booby traps and the observer

can assume responsibility of front security. Weapons stay pointed in a natural direction and the

selector switch is on the safe position.

(3) An alternate formation is the modified wedge or diamond formation ( Figure J-2 ). This

formation is used in sparsely vegetated terrain and generally during daylight hours. Distances

between team members is increased as the terrain and vegetation allows. Another example of an

alternate modified wedge formation is in Figure J-3 .

b. Security Halts . For along halt, team members sit with their feet facing outward and shoulders

touching. This aids quick and quiet communication, and guarantees all-round security at all times. This

technique offers the smallest signature, and it is the most difficult to detect. (See Figure J-4 .) During

short halts, team members drop on one knee, face out, and freeze in place. The security halt should not

exceed five minutes. If the halt exceeds five minutes, the team should deploy the same as for a long halt.

Instead of using trees and limbs, team members should help each other stand up. This reduces the

signature. When leaving, the assistant team leader cleans the area and covers the tracks.

c. Danger Area . The lead team member identifies the danger area and moves across, placing his left or

right shoulder toward the danger area. The second team member faces the opposite direction as the lead

team member. This gives security in both directions. Each member crosses in the same manner ( Figure

J-5 ). As the last member crosses, he should stop and get back-to-back to the next team member to

provide security while the assistant team leader sterilizes the crossing area. The team moves across the

danger area as fast as possible. The lead team member should select a hill or curve on a trail or road to

help conceal the team's movement across the danger area. When planning the route, the leader tries to

avoid all danger areas to include likely avenues of approach roads, rivers, railroads, large open areas,

and built-up areas. Some danger areas may not be crossed except during limited visibility.

(1) When the team crosses a deep gully or ditch, security is established on the near and far side.

The team leader ensures that all members are not in the gully or ditch at the same time.

(2) When crossing a stream or river, the team tries to cross at the shallowest point with the most

cover and concealment. A reconnaissance should be made first. The crossing is conducted as

quickly as possible.

(3) When crossing a small open area, the team uses the contour or detour bypass method. They

avoid crossing directly through the open area if possible ( Figure J-6. )

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