FM 3-19.30 Physical Security(1).pdf

FM 3-19.30

(Formerly FM 19-30)

Headquarters, Department of the Army

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

FM 3-19.30

*FM 3-19.30 (FM 19-30)

Field Manual

No. 3-19.30

Headquarters

Department of the Army

Washington, DC, 8 January 2001

PHYSICAL SECURITY

Contents

Page

PREFACE .....................................................................................................................vi

Chapter 1 PHYSICAL-SECURITY CHALLENGES .................................................................... 1-1

Overview .................................................................................................................... 1-1

Automated Information Systems............................................................................... 1-1

OPSEC and the Threat ............................................................................................ 1-3

Chapter 2 THE SYSTEMS APPROACH ................................................................................... 2-1

Protective Systems ................................................................................................... 2-1

Systems Development .............................................................................................. 2-2

The Integrated Protective System ............................................................................. 2-5

Security Threats ........................................................................................................ 2-6

Chapter 3 DESIGN APPROACH ................................................................................................ 3-1

Design Strategies...................................................................................................... 3-1

Protective Measures ................................................................................................. 3-1

Vehicle Bombs ........................................................................................................... 3-2

Exterior Attack......................................................................................................... 3-10

Standoff Weapons .................................................................................................. 3-13

Ballistics .................................................................................................................. 3-16

Forced Entry............................................................................................................. 3-17

Covert Entry and Insider Compromise..................................................................... 3-19

Surveillance and Eavesdropping ............................................................................. 3-20

Mail and Supply Bombs ........................................................................................... 3-22

Chemical and Biological Contamination .................................................................. 3-24

Chapter 4 PROTECTIVE BARRIERS ........................................................................................ 4-1

Overview .................................................................................................................... 4-1

Fencing .................................................................................................................... 4-2

Utility Openings ......................................................................................................... 4-5

Other Perimeter Barriers........................................................................................... 4-5

Security Towers ......................................................................................................... 4-5

Installation Entrances................................................................................................. 4-6

Warning Signs............................................................................................................ 4-8

Other Signs ................................................................................................................ 4-8

Installation Perimeter Roads and Clear Zones .......................................................... 4-8

Arms-Facility Structural Standards ............................................................................ 4-9

Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

*This publication supersedes FM 19-30, 1 March 1979.

FM 3-19.30

Page

Chapter 5

PHYSICAL-SECURITY LIGHTING ......................................................................... 5-1

Overview .................................................................................................................. 5-1

Commander’s Responsibility.................................................................................... 5-1

Planning Considerations .......................................................................................... 5-2

Principles of Security Lighting .................................................................................. 5-3

Types of Lighting ...................................................................................................... 5-4

Wiring Systems ........................................................................................................ 5-5

Maintenance............................................................................................................. 5-6

Chapter 6

ELECTRONIC SECURITY SYSTEMS .................................................................... 6-1

Overview .................................................................................................................. 6-1

ESS Design Considerations ..................................................................................... 6-2

Interior ESS Considerations ..................................................................................... 6-7

Exterior ESS Considerations.................................................................................... 6-8

ESS Alarm-Annunciation System........................................................................... 6-12

ESS Software ......................................................................................................... 6-17

Interior Intrusion-Detection Sensors....................................................................... 6-18

Exterior Intrusion-Detection Sensors ..................................................................... 6-29

Electronic Entry Control ......................................................................................... 6-39

Application Guidelines............................................................................................ 6-42

Performance Criteria .............................................................................................. 6-43

Data Transmission ................................................................................................. 6-44

CCTV for Alarm Assessment and Surveillance...................................................... 6-45

Chapter 7

ACCESS CONTROL ............................................................................................... 7-1

Designated Restricted Areas ................................................................................... 7-1

Employee Screening ................................................................................................ 7-4

Identification System ................................................................................................ 7-4

Duress Code .......................................................................................................... 7-10

Access-Control Rosters ......................................................................................... 7-10

Methods of Control................................................................................................. 7-10

Security Controls of Packages, Personal Property, and Vehicles.......................... 7-11

Tactical-Environment Considerations .................................................................... 7-12

Chapter 8

LOCK AND KEY SYSTEMS .................................................................................... 8-1

Installation and Maintenance ................................................................................... 8-1

Types of Locking Devices ........................................................................................ 8-1

Chapter 9

SECURITY FORCES ............................................................................................... 9-1

Types of Security Forces ......................................................................................... 9-1

Authority and Jurisdiction ......................................................................................... 9-2

Personnel Selection ................................................................................................. 9-3

Security Clearance................................................................................................... 9-3

Organization and Employment of Forces ................................................................. 9-4

Headquarters and Shelters ...................................................................................... 9-4

Execution of Security Activities ................................................................................ 9-5

Training Requirements............................................................................................. 9-6

Supervision .............................................................................................................. 9-7

Uniforms................................................................................................................... 9-8

Vehicles.................................................................................................................... 9-9

Firearms ................................................................................................................... 9-9

FM 3-19.30

Page

Communications ...................................................................................................... 9-9

Miscellaneous Equipment ........................................................................................ 9-9

Military Working Dogs ............................................................................................ 9-10

Summary ................................................................................................................ 9-10

Chapter 10 IN-TRANSIT SECURITY ........................................................................................ 10-1

In-Port Cargo.......................................................................................................... 10-1

Rail Cargo .............................................................................................................. 10-4

Pipeline Cargo........................................................................................................ 10-6

Convoy Movement ................................................................................................. 10-7

Chapter 11 INSPECTIONS AND SURVEYS ............................................................................ 11-1

Inspections ............................................................................................................. 11-1

Surveys .................................................................................................................. 11-2

Appendix A METRIC CONVERSION CHART ........................................................................... A-1

Appendix B SAMPLE INSTALLATION CRIME-PREVENTION HANDBOOK ........................... B-1

Section I — Installation Crime-Prevention Programs .........................................B-1

Crime-Prevention Working Groups ......................................................................... B-1

Crime-Prevention Officers ...................................................................................... B-2

Crime-Prevention Program Development ................................................................B-2

Training ....................................................................................................................B-5

Civilian Crime-Prevention Organizations..................................................................B-5

Section II — Criminal Analysis .............................................................................B-5

Sources of Information .............................................................................................B-6

Individual Criminal Analysis .................................................................................... B-9

Criminal-Analysis Procedures ............................................................................... B-15

Criminal-Analysis Summary .................................................................................. B-17

Section III — Command and Law-Enforcement Countermeasures ................ B-17

Crime Hot Lines .................................................................................................... B-17

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design ................................................ B-18

Specialized Patrol Tactics and Surveillance ..........................................................B-25

Publicity Campaigns...............................................................................................B-30

Residential-Security Surveys .................................................................................B-31

Juvenile Crime Prevention .....................................................................................B-34

Fraud ......................................................................................................................B-47

Internal Theft ..........................................................................................................B-52

Pilferage .................................................................................................................B-53

Section IV — Army Property at the Local Level ................................................B-61

Motor Vehicles .......................................................................................................B-61

Consumer Outlets ..................................................................................................B-63

Arson ......................................................................................................................B-66

Section V — Community Crime-Prevention Programs .....................................B-67

Neighborhood Watch Program...............................................................................B-67

Operation ID ...........................................................................................................B-71

Neighborhood Walks ..............................................................................................B-74

Vigilantism ..............................................................................................................B-75

Mobile Patrols ........................................................................................................B-76

Project Lock ...........................................................................................................B-76

Section VI — Evaluation ......................................................................................B-79

iii

FM 3-19.30

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Crime-Prevention Programs...................................................................................B-79

Crime Rates ...........................................................................................................B-83

Measures of Effectiveness .....................................................................................B-84

Internal Measures ..................................................................................................B-85

Appendix C INTELLIGENCE, COUNTERINTELLIGENCE, AND THREAT ANALYSIS ............C-1

Information Sources .................................................................................................C-1

Responsibilities of US Government Lead Agencies.................................................C-2

Information Requirements........................................................................................C-4

Threat Analysis and Assessment .............................................................................C-5

Determination of the Threat Level............................................................................C-6

Appendix D CRISIS-MANAGEMENT PLAN ...............................................................................D-1

Appendix E OFFICE SECURITY MEASURES ...........................................................................E-1

Physical-Security Survey .........................................................................................E-1

Security-Engineering Assessment ...........................................................................E-1

Technical Assessment of Responses ......................................................................E-2

Physical-Security Enhancement Measures..............................................................E-2

Appendix F PHYSICAL-SECURITY PLAN ................................................................................ F-1

Annexes .................................................................................................................. F-6

Tactical-Environment Considerations ...................................................................... F-7

Appendix G PERSONAL-PROTECTION MEASURES ............................................................. G-1

Personal Protection ................................................................................................. G-1

Working Environment .............................................................................................. G-2

Home Environment ................................................................................................. G-4

Appendix H BOMBS ....................................................................................................................H-1

General ....................................................................................................................H-1

Concealing Bombs ...................................................................................................H-1

Damage and Casualty Mechanisms ........................................................................H-1

Telephonic Threats ..................................................................................................H-3

Evacuation Drills ......................................................................................................H-3

Searching for a Suspected IED................................................................................H-6

Appendix I EXECUTIVE PROTECTION ..................................................................................... I-1

Supplemental Security Measures ............................................................................. I-1

Executive Protection Goals ....................................................................................... I-1

Residential Security Measures.................................................................................. I-2

Transportation Measures .......................................................................................... I-4

Individual Protective Measures ................................................................................. I-7

Combating-Terrorism Training for Executives......................................................... I-10

Travel to Potential Physical-Threat Risk Areas ....................................................... I-10

Protective Security Details ...................................................................................... I-10

Executive-Protection System Integration ................................................................ I-12

Appendix J RESOURCE MANAGEMENT .................................................................................. J-1

Funding Programs.................................................................................................... J-1

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