100 Linux Tips And Tricks.pdf

100 Linux Tips and Tricks

by Patrick Lambert

100 Linux Tips and Tricks

Table of Contents

Introduction . ........................................................................................................................................................1

Copyright . ................................................................................................................................................1

About the author ......................................................................................................................................1

Aknowledgements .. ..................................................................................................................................1

Audience . .................................................................................................................................................1

Organization . ............................................................................................................................................2

Web resources .. ........................................................................................................................................2

Installation . ..........................................................................................................................................................4

What this chapter covers . .........................................................................................................................4

Tip 1: Which distribution is good for you . .................................................................................5

Tip 2: How to find a Linux CD-ROM at low cos .. ....................................................................6

Tip 3: Multiple operating systems . .............................................................................................7

Tip 4: Installing with no CD-ROM drive or modem . .................................................................8

Tip 5: Swap and memory . ...........................................................................................................9

Tip 6: More swap with a swap file . ..........................................................................................10

Tip 7: Kernel size and modules . ...............................................................................................11

Tip 8: The boot prompt . ............................................................................................................12

Tip 9: Wrong memory size found . ............................................................................................13

Tip 10: Master boot record and LILO . .....................................................................................14

Tip 11: LILO can't find a kernel on a big drive . ......................................................................15

Tip 12: X Window configuration options . ................................................................................16

Tip 13: Allowing users to mount drives . ..................................................................................17

Tip 14: Allowing users to run root programs . ..........................................................................18

Tip 15: Linux and NT booting . .................................................................................................19

Tip 16: Annoying boot messages .. ............................................................................................20

Tip 17: Programs on CD-ROM . ...............................................................................................21

Tip 18: International console . ...................................................................................................22

Tip 19: Multiple kernels choices . .............................................................................................23

Tip 20: Default file permissions . ..............................................................................................24

Tip 21: Default boot mode . .......................................................................................................25

Tip 22: More information from usenet . ....................................................................................26

Tip 23: Bytes per inodes . ..........................................................................................................27

Tip 24: LILO and boot problems . .............................................................................................28

Tip 25: Making CD-ROM images . ...........................................................................................29

Tip 26: FTP access restrictions . ................................................................................................30

Hardware . ..........................................................................................................................................................32

What this chapter covers . .......................................................................................................................32

Tip 1: Detecting 2 ethernet cards . .............................................................................................33

Tip 2: Everything on sound cards . ............................................................................................34

Tip 3: Non-PostScript printers . .................................................................................................35

Tip 4: Use Windows special keys in Linux . .............................................................................36

Tip 5: Added processors ...........................................................................................................37

Tip 6: Detecting an ISA device .. ...............................................................................................38

Tip 7: Find hardware information . ............................................................................................39

Tip 8: Blinking leds on the keyboard .. ......................................................................................40

100 Linux Tips and Tricks

Table of Contents

Tip 9: Reading a foreign file system . ........................................................................................41

Tip 10: Can't mount root fs . .....................................................................................................42

Tip 11: Linux on a 286? . ...........................................................................................................43

Tip 12: Linux without a hard drive . ..........................................................................................44

Tip 13: Shutdown and power off . .............................................................................................45

Tip 14: LPD started but no device found .. ................................................................................46

Tip 15: Read files from FAT32 drives .. ....................................................................................47

Tip 16: TV on Linux . ................................................................................................................48

Tip 17: Device drivers . .............................................................................................................49

Tip 18: Mouse problems . ..........................................................................................................50

Tip 19: International keyboards . ...............................................................................................51

Software . ............................................................................................................................................................53

What this chapter covers . .......................................................................................................................53

Tip 1: Background image in X Window .. .................................................................................54

Tip 2: Customize Netscape Communicator . .............................................................................55

Tip 3: POP3 in Pine . .................................................................................................................56

Tip 4: Multiple accounts in Pine .. .............................................................................................57

Tip 5: Running Java programs . .................................................................................................58

Tip 6: Virtual hosts in Apache . .................................................................................................59

Tip 7: Libc versus Glibc ...........................................................................................................60

Tip 8: Aliases with Qmail . ........................................................................................................61

Tip 9: Samba with Windows 98 or NT 4 . .................................................................................62

Tip 10: KDE drag and drop icons . ............................................................................................63

Tip 11: Find files .. .....................................................................................................................64

Tip 12: asm or linux include files not found . ............................................................................65

Tip 13: ICQ on Linux ...............................................................................................................66

Tip 14: Reading foreign documents .. ........................................................................................67

Tip 15: Scanning with Linux . ...................................................................................................68

Tip 16: Real audio and video . ...................................................................................................69

Tip 17: Emulation . ....................................................................................................................70

Tip 18: Shared library not found .. .............................................................................................71

Tip 19: Hard to erase files . ........................................................................................................72

Tip 20: Files permissions . .........................................................................................................73

Tip 21: Changing file permissions . ...........................................................................................74

Tip 22: An international background . .......................................................................................75

Tip 23: Powerful file transfer system . ......................................................................................76

Tip 24: Editing in text editors . ..................................................................................................77

Tip 25: Documentation and manua . .........................................................................................78

Networking . .......................................................................................................................................................80

What this chapter covers . .......................................................................................................................80

Tip 1: Easy PPP dialup . ............................................................................................................81

Tip 2: Internet for your LAN . ...................................................................................................82

Tip 3: Domains to search in . .....................................................................................................83

Tip 4: Display IP rather than hostname . ...................................................................................84

Tip 5: Is my modem a winmodem? . .........................................................................................85

100 Linux Tips and Tricks

Table of Contents

Tip 6: Sharing files from a Windows system . ..........................................................................86

Tip 7: Sorry but this host is not in my list ................................................................................87

Tip 8: Access to various networks . ...........................................................................................88

Tip 9: Accessing remote file systems . ......................................................................................89

Tip 10: Secure Web serve .. ......................................................................................................90

Tip 11: Secure alternative to telnet . ..........................................................................................91

Tip 12: Speed problems on a PPP connection . .........................................................................92

Tip 13: Names and name servers . .............................................................................................93

Tip 14: Who owns this port . .....................................................................................................94

Tip 15: Network printers .. .........................................................................................................95

Development . .....................................................................................................................................................97

What this chapter covers . .......................................................................................................................97

Tip 1: Graphical messages to the world .. ..................................................................................98

Tip 2: Code reuse . .....................................................................................................................99

Tip 3: Makefile don't equal C . ................................................................................................100

Tip 4: Parsing the command line in BASH . ...........................................................................101

Tip 5: Don't grep grep . ...........................................................................................................102

Tip 6: Move a text into upper case letters . ..............................................................................103

Tip 7: Using PASCAL on Linux . ...........................................................................................104

Tip 8: Segmentation fault . ......................................................................................................105

Tip 9: Who is online? .. ............................................................................................................106

Tip 10: Graphical toolkits . ......................................................................................................107

Tip 11: IDE and visual interfaces . ..........................................................................................108

Tip 12: Free software and copyleft . ........................................................................................109

Tip 13: Talking to the terminal . ..............................................................................................110

Tip 14: Internet technologies . .................................................................................................111

Tip 15: Library types . .............................................................................................................112

iii

Introduction

This book is copyright by Patrick Lambert. It is provided free of charge in the hope that it will be useful. You

may copy, distribute and print this book. You may not modify it without prior written consent from the

author.

The tips in this book are given AS-IS. This means that I shall not be responsible for any damage that may

occur from their use. You use them at your own risks.

Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds

RedHat is a trademark of RedHat Software Inc.

Windows and DOS are trademarks of Microsoft Corp.

Sound Blaster is a trademark of Creative Labs

PostScript is a trademark of Adobe

Other trademarks and copyrights may apply.

About the author

Patrick Lambert is currently a student in Computer Science at the University of Montreal in Quebec, Canada.

He is the author of various Web sites for the Linux community, and of various software packages including

GXedit

Although he does everything from systems administration to software programming, he spends most of his

time working on Web sites for the Linux community. You can contact Patrick at drow@darkelf.net

Aknowledgements

I would like to thank Tuomas Kuosmanen for the logo and the images on the Web site.

Audience

This book was written for anyone using Linux, from new users to experts who want to explore this wonderful

operating system. The tips and tricks in this book were discovered by myself over years of experience using

Linux, and learning about it. Some are very basic tips to make your computing life easier, others are

advanced tricks that can save you days of work.

I tried to cover all distributions of Linux in this book. I personaly use Slackware and RedHat on PC systems.

If you find any error in the book, feel free to contact me so a future second edition could correct them.

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