An Informal Letter 1.Layout Greting Hi ... , / Dear ... , Your adress The date Introduction Ask your friend some introductory questions. How are you? I hope the summer job is going well. Have you decided where to go on holiday? Paragraph 1 Describe where you are (the place/the weather) Anyway, we're camping in the Isle of Skye. We're staying on a campside... It rained every single day. Paragraph 2 Say what you are doing. Luckily, we didn't come here for the nightlife! Actually, there isn'y... We go walking walking every day and yesterday.... Paragraph 3 Mention the people in the group. Here's some news for you about the group. Tom... Ending Make up an excuse to stop writing. Well, I must finish - it's my turn to cook tonight. Write back soon. Signing off Say goodbye and sighn your name. All the best, / Lots of love, SpooXi 2. Useful Vocabulary Weather: chngable, cloudy, cold, freezing, hot, rainy, sunny Accommodation: cabin, campside, farm, hotel, tent Locations: in a forest, in the middle of nowhere, in the mountains, on the coast, near a town Activities: canoeing, driving, parachuting, rafting, sailing, skiing, snowboarding, treeking, windsurfing 3. Linking: Informal Expressions Involve the reader with questions: How are you? / That skiing break sounds the best, doesn't it? / Can you belive it? Refer to the reader: I hope the summer job is going well. / Here's some news for you... / So you can imagine what he's like! / You can tell me all your news ! Begin sentences with informal linkers: Anyway, we're ... / Luckily, we didn't ... / Actually, there isn't .../ But then we're ... / And Tom has ... / Well, I must finish ... 4. Checking Style: Have you used informal linkers, words and expressions? Grammar: Check your letter for verb tenses. A Story 1.Layout 1 Introduction Write a few sentences to set the scene and introduce the characters. It was a beautiful day in spring and the sun was shining*. The night before, my cousin Sam, my girlfriend and I had decided** to go canoeing down the river. We had arranged** to meet at eight o'clock. When I arrived, Sam was waiting* and was looking at his watch.... * to set the scene or say what was happening at particular time, use the Past Continous. ** to say what had happend before, use Past Perfect. 2 Beginning of the Narrative Describe the main actions. Include some dialogue. Suddenly, it started to rain heavily. We kept on canoeing and twenty minutes later, we came to some rapids. For ten minutes I was absolutely terrified and then Sam shouted: 'Look over there!' 'What is it?' I screamed. 'It looks like ...' 3 Development of the Narrative. Write what happend next. We got out of our caones and started to look for Sam. There was no sighn of him anywhere so, we decided to get help. Luckily, I ... 4 Conclusion Write a suitable ending to your story. Don't forget to finish it with the sentence from the task instruction. At last, we saw a group of people coming towards us ... We all felt very happy to be back home. Ending Signing off 2. Useful Vocabulary Weather: cloudy, foggy, freezing, rainy, sunny, wet Places: castle, mountains, old house, park, river, valley, woods Verbs: argue, crash, escape, fall, find, get back, get lost, hunt, hurt, meet, recognise Adjectives: afraid, amazing, awful, beautiful, exciting, frighening, strange, terrifying 3. Linking: Sequence It was a beautifull spring day when we decided to go canoeing. During the day before, it had rained a lot. First, we went to collect the canoes. As soon as we got there, we went down to the river. After an hour, it became cloudy and, suddenly, it started to rain. Twenty minutes later, we came to some rapids. Just then, we realised Sam wasn't with us ! In the end, we got to calmer waters and I immediately rang the emergenticy services. While we were waiting, we talked about how stupid we had been. 4. Checking Grammar: Have you included examples of all he past tenses ou know? Linking: Have you included a few linking words and expressions? Spelling: Have you checked your work for spelling? A Report 1.Layout Heading To: From: Date: Subjct: 1 General Description Introduce the report with your aim and general description of the place. Beverley is a small town in the east of Englang. The aim of this report is.... 2 List of good points Give a list of things that are good about the place. There are several good things about ... a) It has got ... b) It also has ... 3 List of bad points Give a list of your criticisms ot the place. On the other hand, I find these things disappointing: a) There are not enough ... b) Another thing is the ... 4 Conclusion Finish the report by making suggestions. The council need to do something to ... They should ... 2. Useful Vocabulary Positive adjectives: cheap, alean, easy, free, frequent, good, punctual Negative adjectives: dammaged, dangerous, dirty, expensive, inefficient, polluted Nouns: accident, bicycle track, bus fares, bus service, bypass, car park, lorries, old buildings, pedestrian area, public transport, shopping centre, traffic jam, traffic lights, train service, zebra crossing 3. Linking To list ideas: The old buildings are dirty and dammaget. The old buildings are dirty. Some of them are damaged too. The old buildings are dirty. Some of them are also damaged. The old buildings are dirty. In addition, some of them are damaged. The old buildings suffer from dirt plus damage. To contrast ideas: The buses are cheap but not very frequent. Although the buses are cheap, they are not very frequent. The buses are cheap. However, they are not very frequent. On the one hand, the buses are cheap. On the other hand, they are not very frequent. 4. Checking Layout: Have you fallowed the layout above? Has your report got clear paragraphs? Linking: Have you used linking words as listed above? Spelling: Use a dictionary to check spelling of words you are not sure about. A Formal Letter to a Newspaper 1.Layout Newspaper's name and adress Your adress The date Greeting Dear Editor, (or Dear Sir / Madam) Paragraph 1 Give your reason for writing. I am writing to protest about the proposal for ... Paragraph 2 Write about one part of the problem. First, the goverment says that the new airport will bring us industry and jobs. However ... Paragraph 3 Write about another part of the problem. Despite what the goverment says, it is clear that the airport will also affect our health. Problems will increase ... Paragraph 4 Write some suggestions for action. I think other residents should ... Formal ending I look forward to reading more letters about this issue in your newspaper. Yours faithfully, Your signature Print your name clearly 2. Useful Vocabulary Environment: air pollution, noise pollution, river pollution, traffic pollution Health: asthma suffers, effects on children's health, risk of diseases Leisure: cinema, outdoor activities, sports centre, youth club Unemployment: job opportunities, new jobs, training courses Needs: hospital, new bus route, park, road, school 3. Linking: Contrast Contrast of two sentences: Many people have been against the idea from the start. Nevertheless, the goverment is ... ... the new airport will bring us industry and jobs. However, in our opinion, it will ruin ... ... the goverment has promised more jobs. In spite of this, there are still ... Contrast of clauses in the same sentence: Although the airport would bring tourists, I am not sure ... Despite what the goverment says, it is clear that ... Problems will increase in spite of the new hospital ... 4. Checking Style: Have you checked your letter for formal style? Make sure you do not: - use contractions - use colloquial vocabulary - use colloquial expressions when giving opinions. Grammar: Have you checked for grammar mistakes? Describing a Person 1.Layout Paragraph 1 Introduce the person and give a bit of backgroung, e.g. where he/she was born, where he/she lives now, his/her job, his/her likes and dislikes. I'm going to write about my grandmother. She is called Alice and she lives with my grandfather in a little flat in ... Paragraph 2 Describe the person's physical apperance (but not too many details), personality and character. Alice has got short, white hair and clear, blue eyes. She is a verycheerful woman. In fact, she is always smiling! Paragraph 3 Give some examples of the person's behaviour or relationships with other people. She is very popular with her neighbours because she is so helpful. For example, she often baby-sits for people in her street. 2. Useful Vocabulary Hair: long, short, shoulder-lenght, black, blond, dark, fair, grey, red, white, curly, straight, wavy Age: in his/her (early/mid/late) teens/twenties, elderly, middle-aged, young Special features: beard, moustache, ponytail, wrinkles General physical appearance: good-looking, overweight, short, slim, tall, well-built Personality: bad-tempered, cheerful, creative, disorganised, dynamic, generous, hard-working, helpful, honest, insensitive, kind, lazy, materialistic, mean, moody, nervoys, outgoing, relaxed, reliable, selfish, shy, sociable, strong, stubborn, sympathetic Likes/Dislikes: animals, chess, computers, playing/listening to music, playing/watching sport, reading, watching videos 3. Linking: Giving Examples She loves animals, especially dogs. She hates junk food such as hamburgers. She is helpful. For example, she often baby-sits fo people in her street. They often argue, particularly about politics, but aster 35 years of marriage ... 4. Checking Spelling: Use a dictionary to check your spelling (especialy adjectives) A Personal Essay 1.Layout Introduction Introdece the essay. Begin either some personal inform...
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