The Chemistry of Photography. From Classical to Digital Technologies - Rogers D.pdf - Photography - farral

The Chemistry of Photography

From Classical to Digital Technologies

Dedicated to

my father

Joseph Rogers

The Chemistry of Photography

From Classical to Digital Technologies

David Rogers

Danercon Ltd., Harrow, Middlesex, UK

ISBN-10: 0-85404-273-3

ISBN-13: 978-0-85404-273-9

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

r Danercon Ltd. 2007

Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of research for non-commercial purposes or for

private study, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents

Act 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003, this publication may not

be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior

permission in writing of The Royal Society of Chemistry, or in the case of reproduction in

accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK,

or in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction

Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms

stated here should be sent to The Royal Society of Chemistry at the address printed on this

page.

Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry,

Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road,

Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK

Registered Charity Number 207890

For further information see our web site at www.rsc.org

Typeset by Macmillan India Ltd, Bangalore, India

Printed by Henry Lings Ltd, Dorchester, Dorset, UK

Preface

Critics of the use of silver halide in photography would have us all believe

that the whole world has now moved over to digital systems, and that the old

days have gone forever. While it is certainly the case that the market for the use

of silver halide is in decline and may continue to decline for some years yet I, for

one, would suggest that the wet chemistry approach to photography will not

cease completely – at least for many years to come.

Digital photography has indeed passed the stage where only the new adop-

ters have embraced the technology, for it is now a practical reality in most

homes, and indeed on most new mobile telephones. Yet, there are still enthu-

siasts who will continue to use the chemical means of creating images at least

for the foreseeable future. Additionally, silver halide colour photographic

papers can be used to print digital images. These images have exceptional

image stability and may provide a vital part of the overall photographic

experience for the next few years.

If we assume for a moment that we are in the transition between the

technologies, and that silver halide/wet chemistry photography will indeed

terminate at some point in the near future, perhaps the time is right to review

the technology, which was developed and largely taken for granted by most of

the photographic consumer market. For comparison purposes, the chemistry of

one of the photographic papers used to print digital images and the chemistry

of inkjet paper is also included.

It is a remarkable technology. Amateur ﬁlms can contain up to 100 distinct

chemicals, coated in very low or indeed no light levels. The silver halide system

works at the molecular level and therefore works in the millions of pixels per

inch. Silver halide prints are carried and viewed by millions of people and adorn

millions of walls as display items, all without the need for any power whatso-

ever except for viewing, which can take place using the natural energy of the

sun. At its peak, the industry turnover for silver halide products was calculated

in the late tens of billions of dollars and affected all of the inhabited continents

around the world.

The Chemistry of Photography. From Classical to Digital Technologies - Rogers D.pdf

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