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RELEVANCE AND LINGUISTIC MEANING: The Semantics and Pragmatics of Discourse Markers
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Relevance and Linguistic Meaning
Theimportanceofdiscoursemarkers(wordssuchas‘so’,‘however’and‘well’)
lies in the theoretical questions they raise about the nature of discourse and
the relationship between linguistic meaning and context. They are regarded
as central to semantics because they raise problems for standard theories of
meaning, and to pragmatics because they seem to play a role in the way
discourse is understood. In this new and important study, Diane Blakemore
argues that attempts to analyse these expressions within standard semantic
frameworks raise even more problems, while their analysis as expressions that
link segments of discourse has led to an unproductive and confusing exercise
in classification. She concludes that the exercise in classification that has dom-
inated discourse marker research should be replaced by the investigation of
the way in which linguistic expressions contribute to the inferential processes
involved in utterance understanding.
DIANE BLAKEMORE is Professor of Linguistics at the European Studies
Research Institute and School of Languages, University of Salford. She is
the author of Semantic Constraints on Relevance (1987) and Understanding
Utterances (1992), as well as a range of articles in relevance-theoretic pragmat-
ics in publications including Journal of Linguistics, Lingua, Pragmatics and
Cognition and Linguistics and Philosophy .
CAMBRIDGE STUDIES IN LINGUISTICS
General Editors: P . AUSTIN , J . BRESNAN , B . COMRIE , W . DRESSLER ,
C . J . EWEN , R . LASS , D . LIGHTFOOT , I . ROBERTS , S . ROMAINE , N . V . SMITH
In this series
62 STEPHEN R . ANDERSON : A-Morphous morphology
63 LESLEY STIRLING : Switch reference and discourse representation
64 HENK J . VERKUYL : Atheory of aspectuality: the interaction between temporal and
atemporal structure
65 EVE V . CLARK : The lexicon in acquisition
66 ANTHONY R . WARNER : English auxiliaries: structure and history
67 P . H . MATTHEWS : Grammatical theory in the United States from Bloomfield to Chomsky
68 LJILJANA PROGOVAC : Negative and positive polarity: a binding approach
69 R . M . W . DIXON : Ergativity
70 YAN HUANG : The syntax and pragmatics of anaphora
71 KNUD LAMBRECHT : Information structure and sentence form: topic, focus, and the
mental representations of discourse referents
72 LUIGI BURZIO : Principles of English stress
73 JOHN A . HAWKINS : Aperformance theory of order and constituency
74 ALICE C . HARRIS and LYLE CAMPBELL : Historical syntax in cross-linguistic
perspective
75 LILIANE HAEGEMAN : The syntax of negation
76 PAUL GORRELL : Syntax and parsing
77 GUGLIELMO CINQUE : Italian syntax and universal grammar
78 HENRY SMITH : Restrictiveness in case theory
79 D . ROBERT LADD : Intonational phonology
80 ANDREA MORO : The raising of predicates: predicative noun phrases and the theory of
clause structure
81 ROGER LASS : Historical linguistics and language change
82 JOHN M . ANDERSON : Anotional theory of syntactic categories
83 BERND HEINE : Possession: cognitive sources, forces and grammaticalization
84 NOMI ERTESCHIK - SHIR : The dynamics of focus structure
85 JOHN COLEMAN : Phonological representations: their names, forms and powers
86 CHRISTINA Y . BETHIN : Slavic prosody: language change and phonological theory
87 BARBARA DANCYGIER : Conditionals and prediction: time, knowledge and causation in
conditional constructions
88 CLAIRE LEFEBVRE : Creole genesis and the acquisition of grammar: the case of Haitian
Creole
89 HEINZ GIEGERICH : Lexical strata in English: morphological causes, phonological effects
90 KEREN RICE : Morpheme order and semantic scope: word formation and the Athapaskan
verb
91 A . M . S . MCMAHON : Lexical phonology and the history of English
92 MATTHEW Y . CHEN : Tone sandhi: patterns across Chinese dialects
93 GREGORY T . STUMP : Inflectional morphology: a theory of paradigm structure
94 JOAN BYBEE : Phonology and language use
95 LAURIE BAUER : Morphological productivity
96 THOMAS ERNST : The syntax of adjuncts
97 ELIZABETH CLOSS TRAUGOTT and RICHARD B . DASHER : Regularity in semantic
change
98 MAYA HICKMANN : Children’s discourse: person, space and time across languages
99 DIANE BLAKEMORE : Relevance and linguistic meaning: the semantics and pragmatics of
discourse markers
Earlier issues not listed are also available
RELEVANCE AND
LINGUISTIC MEANING
The semantics and pragmatics
of discourse markers
DIANE BLAKEMORE
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