Oracle Distributed Systems 1999.pdf

Oracle Distributed Systems

Charles Dye

Publisher: O'Reilly

First Edition April 1999

ISBN: 1-56592-432-0, 548 pages

This book describes how you can use multiple databases

and both Oracle8 and Oracle7 distributed system features

to best advantage. It covers design, configuration of

SQL*Net/Net8, security, and Oracle's distributed options

(advanced replication, snapshots, multi-master replication,

updateable snapshots, procedural replication, and conflict

resolution). Includes a complete API reference for built-in

packages .

Oracle Distributed Systems

Preface

Audience for This Book

About Replication

About Oracle Versions and Platforms

Structure of This Book

Conventions Used in This Book

About the Scripts

Comments and Questions

Acknowledgments

I: The Distributed System

1. Introduction to Distributed Systems

1.1 Terminology and Concepts

1.2 What Is a Distributed Database System?

1.3 Benefits of Distributed Databases

1.4 Multiple Schema Versus Multiple Databases

1.5 Options for Distributed Data

1.6 Perils of Distributed Databases

1.7 Differences Between Oracle7 and Oracle8

2. SQL*Net and Net8

2.1 Protocol Overview

2.2 Architecture

2.3 SQL*Net/Net8 Tuning

2.4 Load Balancing

2.5 Oracle8 Scalability Options

2.6 SQL*Net/Net8 Client Configuration

2.7 SNMP Support

2.8 Security

3. Configuration and Administration

3.1 Initialization Parameters

3.2 Database Links

3.3 Distributed Queries and Transactions

3.4 Distributed Backup and Recovery

3.5 Multiversion Interoperability

4. Distributed Database Security

4.1 Privilege Management

4.2 Authentication Methods

5. Designing a Distributed System

5.1 Characteristics of a Distributed System

5.2 The Global Data Dictionary

5.3 Replication-Specific Issues

5.4 Data Partitioning Methodologies

5.5 Application Partitioning Strategies

5.6 Procedural Replication

Oracle Distributed Systems

6. Oracle's Distributed System Implementation

6.1 Meeting the 12 Objectives with Oracle

6.2 Oracle's Global Data Dictionary

7. Sample Configurations

7.1 The High-Availability System

7.2 Geographic Data Distribution

7.3 Workflow Partitioning

7.4 Data Collection and Consolidation

7.5 Loosely Coupled Federation

8. Engineering Considerations

8.1 Schema Design and Integration

8.2 Application Tiering

8.3 Designing a Replicated System

II: Replication

9. Oracle Replication Architecture

9.1 What Is Oracle Replication?

9.2 Types of Replication

9.3 Architecture Components

9.4 Replication of DDL

9.5 Oracle8 Enhancements

9.6 Oracle8i Enhancements

9.7 Alternatives to Replication

10. Advanced Replication Installation

10.1 Initialization Parameters

10.2 Redo Logs and Rollback Segments

10.3 Size and Placement of Data Dictionary Objects

10.4 Administrative Accounts, Privileges, and Database Links

11. Basic Replication

11.1 About Read-Only Snapshots

11.2 Prerequisites and Restrictions

11.3 Snapshot Creation Basics

11.4 Simple Versus Complex Snapshots

11.5 Snapshot Logs

11.6 Subquery Subsetting

11.7 Refresh Groups

11.8 Management and Optimization

11.9 Scripts

12. Multi-Master Replication

12.1 Concepts and Terminology

12.2 Getting Started

12.3 Replication Groups

12.4 Master Site Maintenance and Propagation

12.5 Controlling Propagation

12.6 The Replication Catalog

12.7 Table Replication

12.8 Replicating DDL

Oracle Distributed Systems

12.9 Your Replicated Environment

12.10 Advanced Replication Limitations

13. Updateable Snapshots

13.1 About Updateable Snapshots

13.2 Creating Updateable Snapshots

13.3 Communication Flow

13.4 Controlling Propagation and Refreshes

13.5 Maintenance

14. Procedural Replication

14.1 When to Use Procedural Replication

14.2 How Procedural Replication Works

14.3 Creating a Replicated Package Procedure

14.4 Restrictions on Procedural Replication

14.5 An Example

15. Conflict Avoidance and Resolution Techniques

15.1 Data Integrity Versus Data Convergence

15.2 Applications That Avoid Conflicts

15.3 Types of Conflicts Detected

15.4 How Oracle Detects and Resolves Conflicts

15.5 Column Groups and Priority Groups

15.6 The Built-in Methods

15.7 Writing Your Own Conflict Resolution Handler

III: Appendixes

A. Built-in Packages for Distributed Systems

A.1 DBMS_DEFER: Building Deferred Calls

A.2 DBMS_DEFER_QUERY: Performing Diagnostics and Maintenance

A.3 DBMS_DEFER_SYS: Managing Deferred Transactions

A.4 DBMS_OFFLINE_OG: Performing Site Instantiation

A.5 DBMS_OFFLINE_SNAPSHOT: Performing Offline Snapshot Instantiation

A.6 DBMS_RECTIFIER_DIFF: Comparing Replicated Tables

A.7 DBMS_REFRESH: Managing Snapshot Groups

A.8 DBMS_REPCAT: Performing Replication Administration

A.9 DBMS_REPCAT_ADMIN: Setting Up Administrative Accounts

A.10 DBMS_REPCAT_AUTH: Setting Up More Administrative Accounts

A.11 DBMS_REPUTIL: Enabling and Disabling Replication

A.12 DBMS_SNAPSHOT: Managing Snapshots

B. Scripts and Utilities

B.1 busycirc.sql

B.2 busydisp.sql

B.3 busyq.sql

B.4 checklatency

B.5 colgroups.sql

B.6 confstats.sql

B.7 cr_regions.sql

B.8 defcall.sql

B.9 defcalldest.sql

B.10 defcallinfo.sql

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