Microstrip Filters For RF Microwave Applications.pdf

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Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications. Jia-Sheng Hong, M. J. Lancaster
Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISBNs: 0-471-38877-7 (Hardback); 0-471-22161-9 (Electronic)
Microstrip Filters
for RF/Microwave
Applications
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Microstrip Filters
for RF/Microwave
Applications
JIA-SHENG HONG
M. J. LANCASTER
A WILEY-INTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION
JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
NEW YORK / CHICHESTER / WEINHEIM / BRISBANE / SINGAPORE / TORONTO
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Copyright © 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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New York, NY 10158-0012, (212) 850-6011, fax (212) 850-6008, E-Mail: PERMREQ @ WILEY.COM.
This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the
subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in
rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the
services of a competent professional person should be sought.
ISBN 0-471-22161-9
This title is also available in print as ISBN 0-471-38877-7.
For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.Wiley.com.
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Contents
Preface
xi
1. Introduction
1
2. Network Analysis
7
2.1 Network Variables
7
2.2 Scattering Parameters
8
2.3 Short-Circuit Admittance Parameters
11
2.4 Open-Circuit Impedance Parameters
11
2.5 ABCD Parameters
12
2.6 Transmission Line Networks
12
2.7 Network Connections
14
2.8 Network Parameter Conversions
17
2.9 Symmetrical Network Analysis
18
2.10 Multi-Port Networks
21
2.11 Equivalent and Dual Networks
24
2.12 Multi-Mode Networks
26
References
28
3. Basic Concepts and Theories of Filters
29
3.1 Transfer Functions
29
3.1.1 General Definitions
29
3.1.2 The Poles and Zeros on the Complex Plane
30
3.1.3 Butterworth (Maximally Flat) Response
31
3.1.4 Chebyshev Response
32
3.1.5 Elliptic Function Response
34
3.1.6 Gaussian (Maximally Flat Group-Delay) Response
36
v
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vi CONTENTS
3.1.7 All-Pass Response
37
3.2 Lowpass Prototype Filters and Elements
38
3.2.1 Butterworth Lowpass Prototype Filters
41
3.2.2 Chebyshev Lowpass Prototype Filters
41
3.2.3 Elliptic Function Lowpass Prototype Filters
44
3.2.4 Gaussian Lowpass Prototype Filters
46
3.2.5 All-Pass Lowpass Prototype Filters
47
3.3 Frequency and Element Transformations
48
3.3.1 Lowpass Transformation
49
3.3.2 Highpass Transformation
51
3.3.3 Bandpass Transformation
51
3.3.4 Bandstop Transformation
53
3.4 Immittance Inverters
54
3.4.1 Definition of Immittance, Impedance and Admittance Inverters
54
3.4.2 Filters with Immittance Inverters
56
3.4.3 Practical Realization of Immittance Inverters
60
3.5 Richards’ Transformation and Kuroda Identities
61
3.5.1 Richards’ Transformation
61
3.5.2 Kuroda Identities
66
3.5.3 Coupled-Line Equivalent Circuits
66
3.6 Dissipation and Unloaded Quality Factor
69
3.6.1 Unloaded Quality Factors of Lossy Reactive Elements
70
3.6.2 Dissipation Effects on Lowpass and Highpass Filters
71
3.6.3 Dissipation Effects on Bandpass and Bandstop Filters
73
References
75
4. Transmission Lines and Components
77
4.1 Microstrip Lines
77
4.1.1 Microstrip Structure
77
4.1.2 Waves in Microstrip
77
4.1.3 Quasi-TEM Approximation
78
4.1.4 Effective Dielectric Constant and Characteristic Impedance
78
4.1.5 Guided Wavelength, Propagation Constant, Phase
4.1.5 Velocity, and Electrical Length
80
4.1.6 Synthesis of W/h
80
4.1.7 Effect of Strip Thickness
81
4.1.8 Dispersion in Microstrip
82
4.1.9 Microstrip Losses
83
4.1.10 Effect of Enclosure
84
4.1.11 Surface Waves and Higher-Order Modes
84
4.2 Coupled Lines
84
4.2.1 Even- and Odd-Mode Capacitances
85
4.2.2 Even- and Odd-Mode Characteristic Impedances and Effective
4.1.5 Dielectric Constants
87
4.2.3 More Accurate Design Equations
87
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