Testkiller CISCO Study Guide Exam 640-506 Edition 1.pdf

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CISCO
STUDY GUIDE
Cisco Support
Exam 640-506
Edition 1
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Congratulations!!
You have purchased a TestKiller, Ltd. Study Guide.
This study guide is a selection of keypoints you will need to know to pass
the official CCNP Support 640-506 exam. Study and memorize the
following concepts, keypoints and problems for approximately 15 to 20
hours and you will be prepared to take the exams. We guarantee it!
Remember, average study time is 15 to 20 hours and then you are ready!!!
GOOD LUCK!
DISCLAIMER
This study guide and/or material is not sponsored by, endorsed by or affiliated with Cisco
Systems, Inc. Cisco®, Cisco Systems®, CCDA™, CCNA™, CCDP™, CCNP™,
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trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. in the United States and certain other countries. All
other trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners .
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TestKiller, Ltd.
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We will gladly refund the cost of this study guide. However, you will not
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Table of Contents
The Complexity of Internetworks ....................................................................................... 1
Protocol Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 1
Reliable vs. Unreliable Protocol Characteristics ............................................................ 1
Connection-Oriented Services vs. Connectionless Services........................................... 1
Token Rings .................................................................................................................... 1
FDDI – Fiber Distributed Data Interface ........................................................................ 2
AppleTalk .......................................................................................................................2
Troubleshooting ATM .................................................................................................... 2
Troubleshooting Frame Relay......................................................................................... 2
Cisco Routing and Switching Processes ............................................................................. 2
Routing............................................................................................................................ 2
Switching ........................................................................................................................ 3
Interface Buffers ............................................................................................................. 3
General Troubleshooting Tools .......................................................................................... 4
Low-End Cable Test Equipment..................................................................................... 4
High-End Cable Testers.................................................................................................. 4
Cisco Management and Diagnostic Tools .......................................................................... 4
Cisco Management Tools ............................................................................................... 4
Cisco Diagnostic Commands .......................................................................................... 4
Routing and Routed Protocol Troubleshooting .................................................................. 4
Troubleshooting TCP/IP Connectivity ........................................................................... 4
Troubleshooting Novell Connectivity............................................................................. 5
Troubleshooting AppleTalk Connectivity ...................................................................... 5
AppleTalk Router Diagnostic Commands .................................................................. 5
Debug Apple events:................................................................................................... 5
AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol ................................................................................ 5
AppleTalk Session Protocol........................................................................................ 5
AppleTalk Printer Access Protocol............................................................................. 6
Diagnosing and Correcting Catalyst Problems ............................................................... 6
Bridge vs. Switch ........................................................................................................ 6
VLAN Frame Tagging with ISL................................................................................. 6
Troubleshooting VLANs on Routers and Switches........................................................ 6
Diagnosing and Correcting Frame Relay Problems........................................................ 6
Frame Relay Frame Format ........................................................................................ 6
WAN and Frame Relay Diagnostic Tools .................................................................. 7
Frame Relay Loopback Tests...................................................................................... 7
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Key Concepts
Cisco Support
The Complexity of Internetworks
As more advanced technologies and services are introduced into the field of information
processing and communications, the resulting internetworks are becoming increasingly
complex. The problem-solving model includes the following steps:
1. Define the problem
2. Gather the facts
3. Consider the possibilities
4. Create an action plan
5. Implement the action plan
6. Observe the results of the action plan
7. Repeat the problem solving process
8. Resolve the problem
Protocol Characteristics
Reliable vs. Unreliable Protocol Characteristics
• Reliable protocol - error correction, flow control and retransmission functionality
built in.
• Unreliable protocol – reliability provided by higher-layer protocols.
Connection-Oriented Services vs. Connectionless Services
• Connection-oriented - flow control, error control and session termination.
Examples of this include TCP and ATM.
• Connectionless services -no connection setup between the two communicating
protocol entities. UDP is an example.
Token Rings
1
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IBM technology that consists of a token that is 3 bytes long. It has a start delimiter, an
access protocol byte and an end delimiter. Data/command frames vary in size and are
dependent on the size of the data field.
FDDI – Fiber Distributed Data Interface
The use of optical fiber as a transmission medium is the most important characteristic.
Fiber offers some advantages over traditional copper wiring:
• Security - does not emit electrical signals that can be tapped.
• Reliability - immune to electrical interference.
• Speed - much higher throughput potential than copper cable.
AppleTalk
AppleTalk’s transport layer consists of:
• Routing Table Maintenance Protocol (RTMP)
• AppleTalk Update-Based Routing Protocol (AURP)
• AppleTalk Echo Protocol (AEP)
• AppleTalk Transaction Protocol (ATP)
• Name Binding Protocol (NBP).
Troubleshooting ATM
Allowed encapsulation methods are AAL5, PVC and SVC. ISL contains header, original
packet, and FCS fields. ISL not directly supported by ATM, but can be implemented in
ATM LANE configuration.
Troubleshooting Frame Relay
Typical problems include frame relay links down, inability to ping remote routers, or
inability to ping end-to-end. You must ensure that both Cisco devices are using IETF
encapsulation method.
Cisco Routing and Switching Processes
Routing
2
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