Gospel Of Judas (Apocryphal Books- The Gnostic Gospel).pdf

The Gospel of Judas

The Gospel of Judas was developed by a Gnostic sect in the second century A.D and was

was originally written in Greek around 130-170. This fact alone tells us that it was not

authored by Judas himself. The oldest extant copy is a Coptic manuscript written in Sahidic

(last phase of ancient Egyptian) in the fourth or fifth century.

The gospel of Judas is included in a 62-page papyrus 1 manuscript that was uncovered in

Egypt during the 1950's or 1960's. 2 The translator of the Gospel of Judas is Rodolphe Kasser

of the University of Geneva, a leading Coptic Scholar and the contents are due to be released

in April, 2006. At the date of writing this article (April 7th, 2006), the complete translated text

of this pseudepigraphal writing is unavailable. However, at CNN.com we have the following

excerpts:

"The newly translated document's text begins: 'The secret account of the revelation that

Jesus spoke in conversation with Judas Iscariot.'

"In a key passage Jesus tells Judas, 'You will exceed all of them. For you will sacrifice

the man that clothes me.'

"This indicates that Judas would help liberate the spiritual self by helping Jesus get rid

of his physical flesh, the scholars said.

"'Step away from the others and I shall tell you the mysteries of the kingdom,'" Jesus

says to Judas, singling him out for special status. 'Look, you have been told everything.

Lift up your eyes and look at the cloud and the light within it and the stars surrounding

it. The star that leads the way is your star.'"

"The text ends with Judas turning Jesus over to the high priests and does not include

any mention of the crucifixion or resurrection." 3

According to National Geographic website on the Gospel of Judas page, it says that the

newly discovered gospel is, "One of the most significant biblical finds of the last century—a lost

gospel that could challenge what is believed about the story of Judas and his betrayal of

Jesus."

"Retired Claremont Graduate University professor James Robinson said that "early in

November he learned that Kasser and several European, Canadian and U.S. scholars had

signed agreements with the National Geographic Society to assist with a documentary film and

a National Geographic article for an Easter 2006 release and a succession of three books." 5

Is the Gospel of Judas authentic?

The Gospel of Judas apparently depicts Judas in favorable terms and commends him as

doing God's work when he betrayed Christ to the Jewish religious leaders. This, of course,

contradicts what was written by the apostles in their gospels of Matthew and John as well as

those gospels written by Mark and Luke who are under the direction of Peter and Paul.

The Gospel of Judas falls into the category of pseudepigraphal writings. This means that

the gospel is not authentic but is a false writing. In fact, the gospel was not written by Judas,

but by a later Gnostic sect in support of Judas. Gnositicsm was an ancient heresy that taught

salvation through esoteric knowledge. Gnosticism was known at the time of the writing of the

later epistles in the New Testament and was rejected by the apostle John. 6

The ancient writer Irenaeus (130 - 202 AD) in his work called Refutation of All Heresies

said that the gospel of Judas was a fictitious history:

"Others again declare that Cain derived his being from the Power above, and

acknowledge that Esau, Korah, the Sodomites, and all such persons, are related to

themselves. On this account, they add, they have been assailed by the Creator, yet no

4 In fact, National Geographic has invested a lot of money in its presentation.

one of them has suffered injury. For Sophia was in the habit of carrying off that which

belonged to her from them to herself. They declare that Judas the traitor was

thoroughly acquainted with these things, and that he alone, knowing the truth as no

others did, accomplished the mystery of the betrayal; by him all things, both earthly

and heavenly, were thus thrown into confusion. They produce a fictitious history of this

kind, which they style the Gospel of Judas." 7

We can conclude that the Gospel of Judas is not authentic, is not inspired, and was properly

rejected by the early church as an unreliable and inaccurate depiction of what really happened

concerning Judas.

Of course, the complaint is often raised that this opinion, like that of the early church,

simply rejected anything that opposed a preconceived idea. But, this complaint falls by the

wayside when we understand that the early church knew which documents were authored by

the apostles and which were not. God did not make a mistake when he led the Christian

Church to recognize what is and is not inspired. The Gospel of Judas was never recognized by

the church as being inspired.

Addendum

On April 9 National Geographic aired the special on the Gospel of Judas. Unfortunately, the

special was below standard in its scholarly representation of both sides of the argument on the

validity of the New Testament Gospels as well as the Gospel of Judas. It did not give

competent counter evidences against its liberal and inaccurate suggestions regarding the

formation of the New Testament cannon. The special failed miserably to adequately deal with

the formation of the New Testament Cannon, how the gospels were arrived at, how we know

who wrote them, and when they were written, etc. I was extremely disappointed. Here is a

quick example of one of the many problems.

The National Geographic show had a "scholar" who stated that most experts agree that the

earliest gospels weren't written until around 60 A.D. But, the problem here is that no

substantiation was offered for this opinion. Second, internal evidence in the Gospels and the

book of Acts contradicts the statement. The book of Acts was written by Luke well after he

wrote the Gospel of Luke. Acts is a history of the early Christian church and it does not include

the accounts of "Nero's persecution of the Christians in A.D. 64 or the deaths of James (A.D.

62), Paul (A.D. 64), and Peter (A.D. 65)." 8 The book of Acts is a compilation of the early

church's history. One would think that it would naturally include the death of such important

figures as James, Paul, and Peter if it were written any time after their deaths. Since this book

does not include such information it appears that it was written before at least the death of

James (A.D. 62). Let's offer a conservative number of three years prior to the death of James

which would mean Acts could have been written around A.D. 59 This would mean that the

Gospel of Luke was written years before that, let's pick a low number of five years before Acts

which puts Luke at around A.D. 54. Additionally, it is generally agreed upon that Mark was the

first Gospel written. Therefore, Mark was before Luke. Let's pick another low number of five

years by which Mark preceded Luke. This would reasonably put the Gospel of Mark at 49 AD.

This is a conservative estimate and it could be that Mark was written much earlier. Therefore,

very quickly we see that the statement made in the program that the gospels weren't really

written until after 60 A.D. can be easily countered. The question is why is it that National

Geographic did not produce competent counter arguments?

Another issue is regarding Gnosticism which was not properly represented. Gnosticism

basically states that God cannot become incarnate. The show suggested that gnostics were

Christians, but this cannot be since they contradict one of the essential doctrines of the

Christian faith -- which was also taught in the Old Testament (Zech. 12:10). John the apostle

who wrote 1 John addressed the early formation of Gnostic thought in Chapter 4 when he

denounced those as antichrists who denied that Jesus had "come in the flesh." National

Geographic failed miserably to represent Christian theology and instead misrepresented

Gnosticism, trying to make it appear that the present Christian theological system was merely

the result of political happenstance.

CARM concludes that it the National Geographic program was very biased and insufficiently

researched.

_______________

1. Papyrus: A plant growing along the Nile in Egypt during biblical times. It was used as

writing material. Papyrus scrolls were made by cutting and pressing sections of the

papyri plant together at right angles. They typical maximum length of a scroll was

about 35 feet. The scribe, when using papyrus, would often use the natural horizontal

fibers of the papyrus plant as guidelines. He would take a blunt instrument and score

horizontal lines and then score two or more vertical lines as margins for the edge of the

sheet or to define columns on it. We get the word "paper" from this word. Many of the

biblical manuscripts were on papyrus.

2. http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=13097

3. http://www.cnn.com/2006/TECH/science/04/06/gospel.judas.ap/index.html

4. http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/channel/gospelofjudas

5. http://www.christiancentury.org/article.lasso?id=1594

6. 1 John speaks of those who deny the physical incarnation of Christ as being the spirit of

the Antichrist. Many scholars agree that this is a reference to the Gnostic error that

denied that God could incarnate.

7. Irenaeus, Heresies, 31,1

8. McDowell, Josh, A Ready Defense, Thomas Nelson Publishers; Nashville, Tenn., 1993, p.

80.

CARM - C HRISTIAN A POLOGETICS AND R ESEARCH M INISTRY

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