(Longman) English - Pronunciation Dictionary Study Guide.pdf - filologia angielska - krafcik89

LONGMAN

PRONUNCIATION

STUDY GUIDE

Clare Fletcher

Longman ==:

DICTIONARY

rl.

Longman Group UK Limited

Longman House. Burnt Mill, Harlow,

Essex CM20 WE, England

and Associated Companies throughout the world.

Introduction

Longman Group UK Limited 1990

stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any

means, electronic, mechanical. photocopying, recording, or

otherwise, without the prior written consent of the Publishers.

Part A: Pronunciations and variants

1. Characters used in phonemic transcription

2. What pronunciations are given: the layout of entries

ISBN 0 582 05386.2

3. Alternative pronunciations

DIAGNOSTIC EXERCISE

ALTERNATIVES ATTHE BEGINNING OFA WORD

ALTERNATIVES ATTHE END OFA WORD

ALTERNATIVES IN THE MIDDLE OFA WORD

COMBINATIONS OFALTERNATIVES

ALTERNATIVE PRONUNCIATIONS INVOLVING THESYMBOL

QUIZ ON ALTERNATIVESPRONUNCIATIONS

Set in Monophoto Gentury Schoolbook

Printed in Great Britain

by Richard Clay PLC., Bungay. Suffolk.

4. Inflected and derived words

APPLICATION EXERCISES ON LAYOUT OF ENTRIES.

ALTERNATIVE PRONUNCIATIONS. INFLECTIONS AND

DERIVED FORMS

5. Optional sounds

SOUNDS SHOWN IN ITALICS: ELISION

SOUNDS SHOWN BY RAISED LETTERS:INSERTION

CONVERSATION FOR STUDY: OPTIONALSOUNDS

6. Syllabic consonants

7. Compression

COMPRESSION INVOLVING A CONSONANT

COMPRESSION INVOLVING A VOWEL

CONVERSATION FOR STUDY: SYLLABIC CONSONANTS AND

COMPRESSION

Part B: Stress in words and phrases

8. Pairs of words with different stress

9. Stress marking

This study guide enables readers to make the best use of the

Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. The dictionary and study

guide together are a powerful aid to the study of English

pronunciation.

PRIMARY STRESS

SECONDARY AND PRIMARY STRESS

TERTIARY STRESS

MIXED PATTERNS

WHAT THE STUDYGUIDECONTAINS

10. Stress shift

Discussion of features of English pronunciation shown in the

dictionary and explanation of the conventions used to show

them.

Exercises to develop effective use of the dictionary.

Cross-references to relevant material in the dictionary's

introduction and notes.

Diagnostic exercises in the early sections to enable you to

assess your proficiency and select appropriate material.

Esplicit statements of aims to show the purpose of each

exercise.

A key at the back of the book for checking the answers to

exercises,where these are not immediately obvious from the

dictionary.

11. Compounds and phrase's

12. Alternative pronunciations with different stress

13. Suffixes

Part C: Aspects of pronunciation in the dictionary

14. American pronunciation

SIX DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BRITISH AND AMERICAN

ENGLISH

QUIZZES ON AMERICANPRONUNCIATION

TEXT FOR STUDY: AMERICAN PRONUNCIATION

ex.76-77

ex. 78

The cassette provides three types of material:

Illustration of pronunciations you see in the book and

dictionary.

Exercises.

A means of checking your answers to certain exercises.

15.Homophones

16. Abbreviations

HOW TO USE THE STUDY GUIDE

17. Names of people and places

You can work through the guide from beginning to end, or you

can plan your own programme to meet your needs.

18. Assimilation

Planning a programme

Look at the Contents List.

Use the diagnostic exercises in the early sections.

Look at the aims of sections and of specific exercises.

Select the sections and exercises which are useful for you.

TEXT FOR STUDY: ASSIMILATION

19. Pronunciations derived by rule

20. Incorrect pronunciations

21. Combining forms

Key to Exercises

vii

Using the commentary and exercises

It is always helpful to say the pronunciations you are reading.

to make them clear and to fix them in your memory. This may

not be possible, for example if you are working in a library.

But if you are working by yourself, or with others also using

the study guide, make a habit of saying the pronunciations.

Always look up pronunciations in the dictionary when you are

told to do so. In some exercises, the words to look up begin

with the same letter, to speed up the search.

Some exercises involve transcription; you can get further

practice by transcribing any of the dialogues and texts in the

book and cassette, and these are transcribed in the key at the

back of the book.

Look up cross-references to the introduction or notes in the

dictionary, if you want to take a point further.

viii

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