Essential_Java_for_Scientists_and_Engineers.pdf

Essential Java for Scientists and Engineers

Essential Java

for

Scientists and Engineers

Brian D. Hahn

Department of Mathematics & Applied Mathematics

University of Cape Town

Rondebosch

South Africa

Katherine M. Malan

Department of Computer Science

University of Cape Town

Rondebosch

South Africa

OXFORD AMSTERDAM BOSTON LONDON NEW YORK PARIS

SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO

Butterworth-Heinemann

An imprint of Elsevier Science

Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP

225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA 01801-2041

First published 2002

The right of Brian D. Hahn and Katherine M. Malan to be identiﬁed

as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with

the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988

may be reproduced in any material form (including

photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic

means and whether or not transiently or incidentally

to some other use of this publication) without the

written permission of the copyright holder except

in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright,

Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a

licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd,

90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP.

Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission

to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed

to the publishers

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

ISBN 0 7506 5422 8

For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann publications visit our website at www.bh.com

Typeset by Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai, India.

Printed and bound in Martins the Printers of Berwick Upon Tweed

Contents

Preface

xiii

Acknowledgements

xvi

Part I Essentials

1 Getting going

1.1 Introduction to programming

Java as a programming language

1.2 Setting up your computer for programming in Java

Installing Java 2

Jikes as an alternative compiler

Installing the essential package

1.3 Writing your ﬁrst Java program

What happens when a program is compiled?

Understanding FirstProgram

Commands for printing to the screen

1.4 Input and output

How input from the keyboard works

Reading in numbers from the keyboard

Input without the Keyboard class (optional)

Example: calculating compound interest

1.5 Comments

1.6 Using objects

Using the Turtle class

Help on the essential package

Using the Graph class

1.7 Java on the WWW (optional)

2 Java programming basics

2.1 Compound interest again

2.2 Primitive data types

Bits and bytes

vi Contents

Numeric constants

double is default

2.3 Names

Identiﬁers

Case sensitivity

Va r i a b l e s

2.4 Vertical motion under gravity

2.5 Operators, expressions and assignments

Arithmetic operators

Precedence

Increment and decrement operators

Assignments and assignment operators

Cast operators

2.6 Repeating with for

Turtle spirals

Growing an investment

The for statement

Alternative ways of counting with for

Square rooting with Newton

Factorials!

Limit of a sequence

Reading data from a text ﬁle

2.7 Deciding with if

The if-else statement

The if-else-if statement

The if-else-if ladder

for and if : counting passes

Rolling dice

Logical operators

Boolean variables

Nested if s

The switch statement

2.8 Characters

Escape sequences

2.9 Math methods

2.10 Programming style

3 Solving a problem in Java

3.1 Introduction

3.2 The class provider, class user and end user

3.3 What are objects and classes?

Looking at the Turtle class in more depth

3.4 Writing and using a simple class

3.5 How memory works

What is memory?

How objects and primitives are stored in memory

The null keyword

3.6 The String class

Equality testing of strings

3.7 Understanding methods

Method arguments

Return types

Signature of a method

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