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Medieval Animals
Edited by Aleks Pluskowski
Archaeological Review from Cambridge
Volume 18
June 2002
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Medieval Animals
Edited by Aleks Pluskowski
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A few words on animals…
Aleks Pluskowski
1-2
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Medieval zooarchaeology: what are we trying to do?
Terry O’Connor
3-21
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King of all beasts – beast of all kings
Lions in Anglo-Saxon coinage and art
Anna Gannon
22-36
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The role of zooarchaeology in the interpretation of socioeconomic status:
A discussion with reference to medieval Europe
Steve Ashby
37-59
A new interpretation of the Witham Bowl and its animal imagery
Paul Sorrell
60-79
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The Black Rat and the plague
Graham Twigg
80-98
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Love letters to bare bones:
a comparison of two types of evidence
for the use of animals in medieval Novgorod
Mark Brisbane and Mark Maltby
99-119
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Birds on the stream of consciousness:
Riddles 7 to 10 of the Exeter Book
Audrey Meaney
120-152
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Hares with crossbows and rabbit bones: integrating physical
and conceptual approaches towards medieval fauna
Aleks Pluskowski
153-182
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Book reviews
Back issues and notes to contributors
183-213
ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW
FROM CAMBRIDGE
The Department of Archaeology, Downing Street,
Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, United Kingdom
www.cam.ac.uk/societies/arc/
Volume 18 Medieval Animals
Theme Editor
Aleks Pluskowski
Chairs
Aleks Pluskowski
Mary-Cate Garden
Book Reviews Editors
Susanne Hakenbeck
Katy Serpa
Treasurer
Miranda Semple
Information Technology
Aleks Pluskowski
Publicity Officers
Dave Barrowclough, Pip Patrick
Production Team
Aleks Pluskowski, Mary-Cate
Garden, Pip Patrick, Susanne
Hakenbeck, Katy Serpa, Sandy
Pullen, Kevin Lane, Rachel Giraudo,
David Beresford-Jones
Cover Design and Layout
Aleks Pluskowski
Published in 2002 (revised in 2004). Copyright remains with the authors.
The opinions expressed in contributions do not necessarily reflect the
opinions of the editors, singly or collectively.
ISSN 0261-4332
Printed & bound by Victoire Press, Bar Hill, Cambridge.
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A Few Words on Animals…
Aleks Pluskowski
Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge
Recent issues of Archaeological Review from Cambridge have
tended towards particular themes: presenting opportunities for
integrating a range of sources and perspectives and to encourage the
shift from the multi- to the inter-disciplinary. This is particularly
important for those studying the Middle Ages where an immense
body of data is subdivided amongst a host of disciplines. This issue
is not interdisciplinary in the sense that it aims to reconstruct a
particular medieval context from a unified perspective, but its spirit
is certainly interdisciplinary. The articles therefore represent (with
some bias!) the three basic divisions in medieval studies:
archaeology, art-history and history (encompassing documentary and
literary sources). Many of the articles integrate varying amounts
from different sources and paradigms and my own contribution
considers the problems and possibilities of integration in greater
detail.
The detailed study of medieval animals is becoming increasingly
popular; human relations with the natural world have in the past been
generally taken for granted: dogs and sheep fill the backdrops of
farms and fields, people ride horses everywhere, wolves lurk in the
misty fringes of dark woods and rats scurry about in wine cellars.
Clichés aside, it is widely and implicitly acknowledged that animals
are fundamental to all aspects of medieval life, whilst detailed
natural histories of species or even ‘life histories’ of individuals in
medieval contexts have yet to develop into a cohesive body of
research (with some notable exceptions such as Yalden 1999).
Invariably medievalists focus on human-animal relations, even when
discussing natural history, but the two cannot be separated –
particularly in the Middle Ages. This does not denigrate the
importance of animals as ‘agents’ in their own right – as prime
sources of inspiration, ecological catalysts and, in terms of physical
remains, environmental indicators. To take a modern example, Alger
Archaeological Review from Cambridge 18 2002
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