Shading.pdf

Shading

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Table of Contents

1 About shading and texturing surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

About

Surface shading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Surface texture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Swatch rendering for any renderer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Shading networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

About shading networks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Render nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Render node attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Render node connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Maya materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Surface, displacement, volumetric materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Layered shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Double-sided shaded surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Maya textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2D and 3D textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Procedural textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

File textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Adobe Photoshop texture networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Texture filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Mapping and positioning textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Texture mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Mapping methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

2D and 3D texture positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Texture placement vs. label mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Object space, world space and tangent space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Transfer Maps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Hardware shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

About hardware shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

CgFX shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

HLSL shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

ASHLI shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

How do I?

Build shading networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Shading

Table of Contents

Overview of building shading networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Open and customize Hypershade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Open and navigate Hypershade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Show top and bottom level tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Hide shape and transform nodes in Hypershade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Create Hypershade tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Hide, resize or customize the Create bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Organize render nodes with Hypershade sorting bins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Change default connection line colors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Create nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Create a node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Duplicate a node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Delete a node and its network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Import and export shading networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Connect nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Show node connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Assemble nodes into logical groupings using container nodes

in the Hypershade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Connect render nodes using their default connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Connect default output to a specific input attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Connect render nodes by dragging existing connection lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Connect render nodes using the Connection Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Change existing render node attribute connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Delete a render node connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Adjust node attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Set node attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Animate a node attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Work with shader libraries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

View the Shader Library Gallery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Assign a shading group from the Shader Library. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Create and assign materials to surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Create a material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Assign existing materials to surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Assign shaders to polygon faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Shading

Table of Contents

Layer shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Create double-sided shaded surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Map and position textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Map a 2D or 3D texture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Position 2D textures and labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Position 3D textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Use a layered texture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Display layered textures in the hardware renderer with multiple UV sets . . . . . 83

Create Texture Reference Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Convert a texture or shading network to a File Texture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Create texture maps with the Transfer Map tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Creating normal maps for use with hardware shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Viewing tangent space or object space normal maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Creating and using mirrored normal maps on a character or object . . . . . . . . . 94

Use Adobe Photoshop files in Maya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Use PSD Networks as textures in Maya. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Create a PSD file with layer sets from within Maya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Display the alpha of a PSD file in the scene view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Open a PSD network in Adobe Photoshop from Maya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Sketch out guidelines (“lipstick”) for paint application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Edit PSD Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Convert a PSD node to a file texture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Adjust conversion options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Update PSD Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Test textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Test textures (and texture ranges) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Disable the initial load of a file texture image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Using hardware shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Work with hardware shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Work with CgFX shaders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Work with HLSL shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Troubleshoot working with HLSL shaders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Work with ASHLI shaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Shading

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