Web Perfomance Tuning.pdf

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Web Performance Tuning
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Web Performance Tuning
Patrick Killelea
First Edition, October 1998
ISBN: 1-56592-379-0, 374 pages
Web Performance Tuning hits the ground running and gives concrete advice for improving
crippled Web performance right away.
For anyone who has waited too long for a Web page to display or watched servers slow to a
crawl, this book includes tips on tuning the server software, operating system, network, and
the Web browser itself.
Release Team[oR] 2001
CONTENTS
Preface
1
What Is This Book Good For?
Audience for This Book
Assumptions of This Book
How This Book Is Organized
Font Conventions
How to Contact Us
Web Site Updates and Code Examples
Other Books and Resources
Disclaimer
Acknowledgments
Preliminary Considerations
10
1 TheBluntInstruments
11
Improving Performance from the Browser Side
Improving Performance from the Server Side
Key Recommendations
2 CapacityPlanning
17
Capacity Planning Is Preemptive Performance Tuning
Methodology
Questions to Ask
How Much Bandwidth Do You Need?
How Fast a Server Do You Need?
How Much Memory Do You Need?
Architecture Scaling Options
Key Recommendations
3 WebPerformanceMeasurement
35
Parameters of Performance
Benchmark Specifications and Benchmark Tests
Web Performance Measuring Tools and Services
Key Recommendations
4 CaseStudies
45
Example Performance Problems, Diagnoses, and Solutions
Methodology for Performance Consulting
Sample Configurations
Key Recommendation
5 PrinciplesandPatterns
Principles of Performance Tuning
51
Patterns of Performance Improvement
Key Recommendations
Tuning in Depth
58
6 ClientSoftware
59
Brief History of the Web Browser
How Browsers Work
Popular Browsers
Browser Speed
Browser Tuning Tips
Figuring Out Why the Browser Is Hanging
Key Recommendations
7 Client Operating System
67
Macintosh
Microsoft Windows
Unix
Key Recommendations
8 ClientHardware
PC Hardware
71
Key Recommendations
9 NetworkHardware
77
Lines and Terminators
Intranets
Network Modeling Tools
The Internet
PTTs
Key Recommendations
10 Network Protocols
94
Power and Protocols
The Protocols of the Web
Key Recommendations
11 Server Hardware
109
How Server Hardware Is Different
Network Interface Card
Bus
Memory
CPU
Disk
Key Recommendations
12 Server Operating System
117
Unix and the Origin of the Web
Unix Flavors
Processes and the Kernel
The Filesystem
The Windowing System
Versions and Patches
Configurable OS Parameters
Unix OS Monitoring Tools
Unix Versus NT as the Web Server OS
Key Recommendations
13 Server Software
Inside Web Server Software
131
Common Server Parameters
Servers
Proxy Servers
Firewalls
Key Recommendations
14 Content
140
Size Matters
HTML
Graphics
Audio
Video
Key Recommendations
15 CGI Programs
145
CGI Internals and Performance Problems
General CGI Tips
CGI Language-Specific Optimization Tips
Daemonize It
CGI Database Access Performance
Key Recommendations
16 Java
156
What Java Does for You
Java Compared to Native Code
Why It's Getting Better
Performance Tips: What You Can Do
Key Recommendations
17 Databases
165
Do You Really Need a Relational Database?
Performance Tips
Key Recommendations
Appendixes
168
A Netscape Enterprise Server 3.0 Tuning
169
Audience
What Is perfdump?
Installing perfdump
Using perfdump Statistics
Platform-Specific Issues
Benchmarking the Netscape Enterprise Server
B Apache Performance Notes
180
Introduction
Hardware and Operating System Issues
Runtime Configuration Issues
Negotiation
Process Creation
Compile-Time Configuration Issues
Detailed Analysis of a Trace
The Preforking Model
C Solaris 2.x - Tuning Your TCP/IP Stack and More
190
Please Share Your Knowledge
History and Introduction
TCP Connection Initiation
Retransmission-Related Parameters
Path MTU Discovery
Further Advice, Hints, and Remarks
Windows, Buffers, and Watermarks
Tuning Your System
Recommended Patches
Related Books and Software
Author's Tips
213
Introduction

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