The Evolution of Civilizations - An Introduction to Historical Analysis by Carroll Quigley (1979).pdf - Carroll Quigley - morefaya2006

The Evolution

of Civilizations

n this perceptive look at the factors behind the rise and fall of

civilizations, Professor Quigley seeks to establish the analytical

tools necessary for understanding history. He examines the applica-

tion of scientific method to the social sciences, then establishes his

historical hypotheses. He poses a division of culture into six levels,

from the more abstract to the more concrete—intellectual, religious,

social, political, economic, and military—and he identifies seven

stages of historical change for all civilizations: mixture, gestation,

expansion, conflict, universal empire, decay, and invasion. Quigley

tests these hypotheses by a detailed analysis of five major civilizations:

the Mesopotamian, the Canaanite, the Minoan, the classical, and

the Western.

"He has reached sounder ground than has Arnold J. Toynbee"

—Christian Science Monitor. "Studies of this nature, rare in American

historiography, should be welcomed. Quigley's juxtaposition of facts

in a novel order is often provocative, and his work yields a harvest of

insights"—American Historical Review. "Extremely illuminating"

—Kirkus Reviews. "This is an amazing book. . . . Quigley avoids the

lingo of expertise; indeed, the whole performance is sane, impres-

sively analytical, and well balanced"—Library Journal.

CARROLL QUIGLEY taught the history of civilization at the

Georgetown School of Foreign Service, and was the author of Trag-

edy and Hope: The World in Our Time.

Contents

Diagrams, Tables, and Maps .................................................... 11

Foreword, by Harry J. Hogan ................................................... 13

Preface to the First Edition ....................................................... 23

1. Scientific Method and the Social Sciences.......................... 31

2. Man and Culture.................................................................. 49

3. Groups, Societies, and Civilizations.................................... 67

4. Historical Analysis .............................................................. 85

5. Historical Change in Civilizations ...................................... 127

6. The Matrix of Early Civilizations ....................................... 167

7. Mesopotamian Civilization ................................................. 209

8. Canaanite and Minoan Civilizations ................................... 239

9. Classical Civilization............................................................ 269

10. Western Civilization ............................................................ 333

Conclusion .............................................................................. 415

Selective Bibliography, by William Marina .............................. 423

Index ....................................................................................... 429

Diagrams, Tables, and Maps

Dividing the Dimension of Abstraction ................................... 56

Men, Culture, and Nature ........................................................... 64

Cultural Links of Fourteen Civilizations ................................... 83

Morphology in Our Civilization ................................................ 121

Stages of Evolution in Five Civilizations ................................... 165

Geographic Features of the Northwest Quadrant ...................... 171

Peoples, Languages, and Cultures About 3000 B . C .................... 173

Geography and Peoples About 3000 B . C ................................... 176

Simplified Diagram of the World Globe .................................... 183

Population Movements, 10,000-6000 B . C ........................... ... 191

Bronze Age Invasions, 3000-1000 B . C ....................................... 199

Movements of Metals and Agriculture to

Europe, 4000-2000 B . C ............................................................... 201

Iron Age Invasions, 1200-1000 B . C ............................................ 205

Stages in Western Civilization................................................... 389

Foreword

By Harry J. Hogan

he Evolution of Civilizations expresses two dimensions

of its author, Carroll Quigley, that most extraordinary

historian, philosopher, and teacher. In the first place, its

scope is wide-ranging, covering the whole of man's activities

throughout time. Second, it is analytic, not merely descrip-

tive. It attempts a categorization of man's activities in

sequential fashion so as to provide a causal explanation of

the stages of civilization.

Quigley coupled enormous capacity for work with a

peculiarly "scientific" approach. He believed that it should

be possible to examine the data and draw conclusions. As

a boy at the Boston Latin School, his academic interests

were mathematics, physics, and chemistry. Yet during his

senior year he was also associate editor of the Register,

the oldest high school paper in the country. His articles were

Dr. Hogan, now retired, has been a professor, administrator, and

lawyer. He received his B.A. magna cum laude from Princeton

University, his LL.B. from Columbia Law School, and his Ph.D.

in American history from George Washington University. His arti-

cles have appeared in the American Bar Association Journal, the

Journal of Politics, and other periodicals.

The Evolution of Civilizations - An Introduction to Historical Analysis by Carroll Quigley (1979).pdf

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