rip_manual.pdf

RIP

Document revision 1 (Wed Mar 24 12:32:12 GMT 2004)

This document applies to MikroTik RouterOS V2.8

Table of Contents

General Information

Summary

Specifications

Related Documents

•

Package Management

•

IP Addresses and ARP

•

Routes, Equal Cost Multipath Routing, Policy Routing

Description

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one protocol in a series of routing protocols based on

Bellman-Ford (or distance vector) algorithm. This Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) lets routers

exchange routing information across a single autonomous system in the way of periodic RIP

updates. Routers transmit their own RIP updates to neighboring networks and listen to the RIP

updates from the routers on those neighboring networks to ensure their routing table reflects the

current state of the network and all the best paths are available. Best path considered to be a path

with the fewest hop count ( id est that include fewer routers).

The routes learned by RIP protocol are installed in the route list ( /ip route print ) with the distance

of 120.

Additional Documents

•

RIPv1 Protocol

•

RIPv2 Protocol

•

Cisco Systems RIP protocol overview

General Setup

Property Description

redistribute-static (yes | no; default: no ) - specifies whether to redistribute static routes to

neighbour routers or not

redistribute-connected (yes | no; default: no ) - specifies whether to redistribute connected routes

to neighbour routers or not

redistribute-ospf (yes | no; default: no ) - specifies whether to redistribute routes learned via OSPF

protocol to neighbour routers or not

redistribute-bgp (yes | no; default: no ) - specifies whether to redistribute routes learned via bgp

protocol to neighbour routers or not

metric-static ( integer ; default: 1 ) - specifies metric (the number of hops) for the static routes

metric-connected ( integer ; default: 1 ) - specifies metric (the number of hops) for the connected

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routes

metric-ospf ( integer ; default: 1 ) - specifies metric (the number of hops) for the routes learned via

OSPF protocol

metric-bgp ( integer ; default: 1 ) - specifies metric (the number of hops) for the routes learned via

BGP protocol

update-timer ( time ; default: 30s ) - specifies frequency of RIP updates

timeout-timer ( time ; default: 3m ) - specifies time interval after which the route is considered

invalid

garbage-timer ( time ; default: 2m ) - specifies time interval after which the invalid route will be

dropped from neighbor router table

Notes

The maximum metric of RIP route is 15 . Metric higher than 15 is considered 'infinity' and routes

with such metric are considered unreachable. Thus RIP cannot be used on networks with more than

15 hops between any two routers, and using redistribute metrics larger that 1 further reduces this

maximum hop count.

Example

To enable RIP protocol to redistribute the routes to the connected networks:

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip> set redistribute-connected=yes

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip> print

redistribute-static: no

redistribute-connected: yes

redistribute-ospf: no

redistribute-bgp: no

metric-static: 1

metric-connected: 1

metric-ospf: 1

metric-bgp: 1

update-timer: 30s

timeout-timer: 3m

garbage-timer: 2m

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip>

Interfaces

Home menu level: /routing rip interface

Description

In general you do not have to configure interfaces in order to run RIP. This command level is

provided only for additional configuration of specific RIP interface parameters.

Property Description

interface ( name ; default: all ) - interface on which RIP runs

• all - sets defaults for interfaces not having any specific settings

send ( v1 | v1-2 | v2 ; default: v2 ) - specifies RIP protocol update versions to distribute

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receive ( v1 | v1-2 | v2 ; default: v2 ) - specifies RIP protocol update versions the router will be able to

receive

authentication ( none | simple | md5 ; default: none ) - specifies authentication method to use for RIP

messages

• none - no authentication performed

• simple - plain text authentication

• md5 - Keyed Message Digest 5 authentication

authentication-key ( text ; default: "" ) - specifies authentication key for RIP messages

prefix-list-in ( name ; default: "" ) - name of the filtering prefix list for received routes

prefix-list-out ( name ; default: "" ) - name of the filtering prefix list for advertised routes

Notes

It is recommended not to use RIP version 1 wherever it is possible due to security issues

Example

To add an entry that specifies that when advertising routes through the ether1 interface, prefix list

plout should be applied:

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip> interface add interface=ether1 \

\... prefix-list-out=plout

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip> interface print

Flags: I - inactive

0 interface=ether1 receive=v2 send=v2 authentication=none

authentication-key="" prefix-list-in=plout prefix-list-out=none

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip>

Networks

Home menu level: /routing rip network

Description

To start the RIP protocol, you have to define the networks on which RIP will run.

Property Description

address ( IP address/mask ; default: 0.0.0.0/0 ) - specifies the network on which RIP will run. Only

directly connected networks of the router may be specified

netmask ( IP address ; default: 0.0.0.0 ) - specifies the network part of the address (if it is not

specified in the address argument)

Notes

For point-to-point links you should specify the remote endpoint IP address as the network IP

address. For this case the correct netmask will be /32 .

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Example

To enable RIP protocol on 10.10.1.0/24 network:

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip network> add address=10.10.1.0/24

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip network> print

# ADDRESS

0 10.10.1.0/24

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip>

Neighbors

Description

This submenu is used to define a neighboring routers to exchange routing information with.

Normally there is no need to add the neighbors, if multicasting is working properly within the

network. If there are problems with exchanging routing information, neighbor routers can be added

to the list. It will force the router to exchange the routing information with the neighbor using

regular unicast packets.

Property Description

address ( IP address ; default: 0.0.0.0 ) - IP address of neighboring router

Example

To force RIP protocol to exchange routing information with the 10.0.0.1 router:

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip> neighbor add address=10.0.0.1

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip> neighbor print

Flags: I - inactive

# ADDRESS

0 10.0.0.1

[admin@MikroTik] routing rip>

Routes

Home menu level: /routing rip route

Property Description

dst-address ( read-only: IP address/mask ) - network address and netmask of destination

gateway ( read-only: IP address ) - last gateway on the route to destination

metric ( read-only: integer ) - distance vector length to the destination network

from ( IP address ) - specifies the IP address of the router from which the route was received

Notes

This list shows routes learned by all dynamic routing protocols (RIP, OSPF and BGP)

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