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An IPv6 Deployment Guide
Editor: Martin Dunmore
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Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS..........................................................................................................................V
LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................................. XI
LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................................................XIII
LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................................................XIII
FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................................ XIV
PART I IPV6 FUNDAMENTALS.......................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 3
1.1 T HE H ISTORY OF IP V 6 ................................................................................................................................ 3
1.2 T HE 6NET P ROJECT .................................................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 2 IPV6 BASICS ................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 D ATAGRAM H EADER .................................................................................................................................. 7
2.2 H EADER C HAINING ..................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 R OUTING H EADER ..................................................................................................................................... 11
2.4 F RAGMENTATION ...................................................................................................................................... 12
2.5 O PTIONS .................................................................................................................................................... 13
CHAPTER 3 ADDRESSING ............................................................................................................... 15
3.1 A DDRESSING E SSENTIALS ......................................................................................................................... 15
3.2 U NICAST A DDRESSES ................................................................................................................................16
3.3 I NTERFACE I DENTIFIER – M ODIFIED EUI-64 ............................................................................................ 17
3.4 A NYCAST A DDRESSES .............................................................................................................................. 18
3.5 M ULTICAST A DDRESSES ........................................................................................................................... 19
3.6 R EQUIRED A DDRESSES AND A DDRESS S ELECTION .................................................................................. 19
3.7 R EAL - WORLD A DDRESSES ........................................................................................................................ 21
CHAPTER 4 ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS AND SERVICES........................................................... 24
4.1 N EIGHBOUR D ISCOVERY ........................................................................................................................... 24
4.1.1 Router Discovery.............................................................................................................................. 25
4.1.2 Automatic Address Configuration ................................................................................................... 25
4.1.3 Duplicate Address Detection ........................................................................................................... 26
4.1.4 Neighbour Unreachability Detection ..............................................................................................27
4.1.5 Router Configurations for Neighbour Discovery ............................................................................ 27
4.2 T HE D OMAIN N AME S YSTEM .................................................................................................................... 42
4.2.1 Overview of the DNS ........................................................................................................................ 42
4.2.2 DNS Service for 6NET ..................................................................................................................... 43
4.2.3 DNS Service Implementation ........................................................................................................... 44
4.3 DHCP V 6 ................................................................................................................................................... 52
4.3.1 Using DHCP Together With Stateless Autoconfiguration .............................................................. 52
4.3.2 Using DHCP Instead of Stateless Autoconfiguration ..................................................................... 52
4.3.3 Overview of the Standardisation of DHCPv6 ................................................................................. 52
4.3.4 Overview of the DHCPv6 Specifications......................................................................................... 54
4.3.5 DHCPv6 Implementations Overview............................................................................................... 55
CHAPTER 5 INTEGRATION AND TRANSITION........................................................................ 59
5.1 P ROBLEM S TATEMENT .............................................................................................................................. 59
5.1.1 Dual Stack ........................................................................................................................................ 60
5.1.2 Additional IPv6 Infrastructure (Tunnels) ........................................................................................61
5.1.3 IPv6-only Networks (Translation) ................................................................................................... 61
5.2 T UNNELLING M ETHODS ............................................................................................................................ 62
5.2.1 Configured Tunnels.......................................................................................................................... 62
5.2.2 Tunnel Broker................................................................................................................................... 62
5.2.3 Automatic Tunnels............................................................................................................................ 64
5.2.4 6to4 ................................................................................................................................................... 64
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