silicates(2).pdf

name

Augite

Hastingsite

Pargasite

Labradorite

Aegirine

Schorl

Titanite

Pyrope

Siderophyllite

abbrev

Aug

Prg

Lab

Aeg

Srl

Ttn

Prp

formula

Ca(Mg,Fe 2+ )[(Si,Al) 2 O 6 ] NaCa 2 Fe 2+ 4 Fe 3+ [(OH) 2 |A NaCa 2 Mg 4 Al[(OH) 2 |Al 2 Ab 50 An 50

NaFe 3+ [Si 2 O 6 ]

NaFe 2+ 3 Al 6 [(OH) 4 |(BO CaTi[O|SiO 4 ]

Mg 3 Al 2 [SiO 4 ] 3

KFe 2+ 2 Al[(OH) 2 |Al 2 Si 2 O 10 ]

system

point group

2/m

m3m

2/m

form

prism

pyramid

prism

dodecahedron,

trapezohedron

prism

habit

prismatic, blocky

euhedral, granular

prismatic

anhedral, granular

prismatic

anhedral, granular

tabular, blocky

granular, massive

acicular

stellated

prismatic (striated),

acicular

euhedral, granular,

tabular (wedge-

shaped)

euhedral

equant

euhedral, granular,

massive

scaly

granular(book-like)

color

black, brown, green

black, dark-green

black, green, brown

grey, blue, green

green, black

black

yellow, red-brown,

black

blood-red,

black-red

black

streak

green-grey

grey

white

grey

white

diaphaneity

translucent, opaque

transparent,

opaque

translucent,

opaque

transparent, opaque transparent, opaque transparent,

translucent

luster

vitreous

adamantine

vitreous

vitreous, greasy

cleavage

perfect 89

perfect 120

perfect

none

distinct

none

perfect

fracture

none

uneven

conchoidal

none

tenacity

brittle

elastic

hardness

5.5-6

5-6

6-6.5

5-5.5

7-7.5

2.5-3

density

2,5

3.5

3,5

twinning

feldspar twinnings

polysynthetic

contact, penetration

series

with

Magnesiohastingsite

with Ferropargasite

with Edenite

with

Magnesiohastingsite

middle member - Pl

series

with Dravite

with Elbaite

with Almandine

with Majorite

with Knorringite

with Grossular

polymorphs &

polytypes

association

Or,Sa, Ol ,Lct,Am

Zeo ,Cal,Ne,Sdl,Qtz

Zeo ,Cal

Ol,Px,Am ,Mag

Kfs , Ne, Rbk

Qtz,Ab,Mc,Or,Ep, Grt , Ab, Chl ,Ep,Ap,Mnz,M Ilm, Ol,Hbl,Pl,Px ,Dia,Ky, Qtz, Kfs,Pl ,Ne,Ms, Px,Am ,A

ore of

stability

other

iridescent

pyroelectric, piezoelec fluorescent

may be metamict

mildly radioactive

gemstone

name

Forsterite

Uvarovite

Grossular

Epidote

Vesuvianite

Omphacite

Diopside

Aegirine

abbrev

Uvt

Grs

Ves

Omp

Aeg

formula

Mg 2 [SiO 4 ]

Ca 3 Cr 2 [SiO 4 ] 3

Ca 3 Al 2 [SiO 4 ] 3

Ca 2 Fe 3+ Al 2 [O|OH|SiO 4 |Si 2

Ca 10 Mg 2 Al 4 [(OH) 4 |(SiO 4 ) 5 | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe 2+ ,Al)[Si 2 O 6 ] CaMg[Si 2 O 6 ]

NaFe 3+ [Si 2 O 6 ]

system

point group

mmm

m3m

4/mmm

2/m

form

dipyramid

dodecahedron,

trapezohedron

dodecahedron,

trapezohedron

prism

dipyramid

prism

habit

tabular

granular, massive

equant

euhedral, granular,

massive

equant

euhedral, granular,

massive

prismatic, acicular

granular, spherical,

fibrous

prismatic

granular, massive

prismatic, blocky

granular, anhedral

prismatic, blocky

granular

acicular

stellated

color

green, yellow

green,

emerald-green

yellow, orange, brown,

green, red

green, yellow, brown, blackgreen, brown, yellow

green

white, grey, green, brown green, black

streak

white

grey-white

white

white-green

grey

diaphaneity

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

transparent, opaque

transparent, translucent translucent, opaque

translucent, opaque

luster

vitreous

vitreous, greasy

vitreous

cleavage

distinct

none

perfect

none

perfect

fracture

conchoidal

none

uneven

none

tenacity

brittle

hardness

7-7.5

6,5

5-6

5.5-6.5

density

3,5

3.5

twinning

contact, polysynthetic

polysynthetic

series

with Fayalite

with Tephroite

with Grossular

with Pyrope

with Andradite

with Uvarovite

with Clinozoisite

with Johannsenite

with Hedenbergite

polymorphs &

polytypes

3 polymorphs

2 polymorphs

association

En, Pl ,Mag,Chr,Atg,Dol,Di, Chr,Di,Zo, Ol ,Dol,Tr,Qtz,Ep Cal,Dol,Ep,Czo,Wo,Ves,Di, Zeo, Am,Pl ,Qtz,Act,Cal,Ve Grs,Di,Wo,Ep,Spl,Cal

Grt , Qtz, Ky, Crn, Hbl , Ep , Cal,Fo,Wo,Grs,Ves,Tr,Qtz Kfs , Ne, Rbk

ore of

stability

not stable

other

gemstone

fluorescent

Actinolite

Antigorite

Clinochlore

Beryl

Act

Atg

Clc

Brl

Ca 2 (Mg,Fe 2+ ) 5 [(OH) 2 |Si 8 O 2

Mg 6 [(OH) 8 |Si 4 O 10 ]

Mg 6 [(OH) 8 |AlSi 3 O 10 ]

Be 3 Al 2 [Si 6 O 18 ]

2/m

6/mmm

prism

dome

prism

dipyramid

prismatic, bladed

granular, stellated, fibrous

platy, acicular

fibrous

scaly

massive, granular

prismatic

euhedral, granular

green, grey-green

green, yellow

green, yellow, blue,

pink, colorless

white

translucent, opaque

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

vitreous

silky

pearly, none

vitreous

perfect

none

conchoidal

brittle

flexible

brittle

5-6

2.5-3.5

2-2.5

7.5-8

2.5

polysynthetic

with Tremolite

with Ferro-Actinolite

with Chamosite

5 polymo.

6 polytypes

Zeo ,Prh,Cal,Qtz,Glt

Chr,Mag,Ctl, Ol, Tlc,

Srp ,Cal,Dol,Act, Bt,Ol,Pl ,Tl Qtz, Fsp, Ms,Spd, Tur ,Toz,C

serpentine

gemstone

name

Pyrope

Almandine

Spessartine

Grossular

Andradite

Staurolite

Titanite

Zircon

Chabazite-(Ca)

abbrev

Prp

Alm

Sps

Grs

Adr

Ttn

Zrn

Cbz

formula

Mg 3 Al 2 [SiO 4 ] 3

Fe 2+ 3 Al 2 [SiO 4 ] 3

Mn 2+ 3 Al 2 [SiO 4 ] 3

Ca 3 Al 2 [SiO 4 ] 3

Ca 3 Fe 3+ 2 [SiO 4 ] 3

Fe 2+ 2 Al 9 [O 6 |(OH) 2 |(SiO 4 ) CaTi[O|SiO 4 ]

Zr[SiO 4 ]

Ca[Al 2 Si 4 O 12 ] · 6H 2 O

system

point group

m3m

2/m

4/mmm

form

dodecahedron,

trapezohedron

dodecahedron,

trapezohedron

dodecahedron,

trapezohedron

dodecahedron,

trapezohedron

dodecahedron,

trapezohedron

prism

dipyramid

rhombohedron

habit

equant

euhedral, granular,

massive

equant

euhedral, granular,

massive

equant

euhedral, granular,

massive

equant

euhedral, granular,

massive

equant

euhedral, granular,

massive

prismatic

euhedral

tabular (wedge-shaped)

euhedral

tabular, prismatic

euhedral, anhedral

tabular, pseudocubic

granular, massive

color

blood-red,

black-red

red, brown-red,

brown, black

red, orange, brown

yellow, orange, brown,

green, red

green-yellow, green,

brown-red, black

brown, red-brown

yellow, red-brown,

black

brown, red-brown,

yellow, colorless

red, pink, white,

yellow, colorless

streak

white

white, grey

white

diaphaneity

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

opaque

transparent, opaque

translucent, opaque

luster

vitreous

vitreous, greasy

vitreous

vitreous, greasy

vitreous

vitreous, none

adamantine

adamantine, greasy

vitreous

cleavage

none

distinct

none

distinct

fracture

conchoidal

uneven

tenacity

brittle

hardness

7-7.5

7,5

5-5.5

7,5

4-5

density

3,5

twinning

cyclic, cruciform

contact, penetration

geniculated

series

with Almandine

with Majorite

with Knorringite

with Grossular

with Pyrope

with Spessartine

with Almandine

with Pyrope

with Andradite

with Uvarovite

with Grossular

with Schorlomite

with Hafnon

polymorphs &

polytypes

association

Ilm, Ol,Hbl,Pl,Px ,Dia,Ky, Sdp ,Crd, Chl ,St,And,Ky, Qtz, Kfs,Tur ,Rdn,Ms,Toz, Cal,Dol,Ep,Czo,Wo,Ves, Ves, Chl ,Ep,Spl,Cal,D Alm,Sil,Ky,Ms, Bt ,Qtz

Ab, Chl ,Ep,Ap,Mnz,Mag, Fsp,Am,Mca ,Qtz

Zeo ,Ne, Ol,Px,Am ,Ep,

ore of

Almandine

stability

other

gemstone

fluorescent

may be metamict

mildly radioactive

fluorescent,

thermoluminescent,

cathodoluminescent

name

Clinozoisite

Zoisite

Andalusite

Stilbite-(Ca)

Heulandite-(Ca)

Chabazite-(Ca)

Orthoclase

abbrev

Czo

And

Stb

Hul

Cbz

formula

Ca 2 Al 3 [O|OH|SiO 4 |Si 2 O 7 ] Ca 2 Al 3 [O|OH|SiO 4 |Si 2 O 7 ] Al 2 [O|SiO 4 ]

NaCa 4 [Al 9 Si 27 O 72 ] · 28H 2 O NaCa 4 [Al 9 Si 27 O 72 ] · 24H 2 O Ca[Al 2 Si 4 O 12 ] · 6H 2 O

K[AlSi 3 O 8 ]

system

point group

mmm

2/m

form

prism

dipyramid

prism

rhombohedron

prism

habit

prismatic

granular, spherical,

fibrous

prismatic

granular, massive

prismatic

euhedral, granular

tabular

granular, spherical,

fibrous

tabular

granular, massive

tabular, pseudocubic

granular, massive

prismatic, blocky

euhedral, granular,

massive

color

yellow, pink, grey, green white, grey, green, pink

wine-pink, white,

grey

yellow, cream, orange,

pink, peachy, red, brown

red, pink, orange, brown,

grey

red, pink, white,

yellow, colorless

white, grey, cream,

pink

streak

grey-white

white

diaphaneity

transparent, translucent transparent, translucent transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

translucent

transparent,

opaque

luster

vitreous

vitreous, silky

vitreous

cleavage

perfect

distinct

perfect

distinct

perfect

fracture

none

uneven

none

tenacity

brittle

hardness

6,5

6.5-7.5

3.5-4

4-5

density

2,5

twinning

polysynthetic

feldspar twinnings

series

with Epidote

with Kanonaite

with Clinoptilolite-(Ca)

with Hyalophane

with Celsian

polymorphs &

polytypes

2 polymorphs

3 polymorphs

2 polymorphs

association

Am , Pl, Qtz

Grt ,Ab, Bt,Hbl ,Qtz,Cal

Ky,Sil,Crd,Crn, Grt,Tur,Mc Zeo ,Prh,Cal,Qtz

Zeo ,Cal,Dat

Zeo ,Ne, Ol,Px,Am ,Ep,Cal, Qtz,Ab,Ms, Bt , Hbl ,Srl,Brl

ore of

Orthoclase

stability

other

gemstone

slightly radioactive

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