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100 Linux Tips and Tricks
100 Linux Tips and Tricks
by Patrick Lambert
100 Linux Tips and Tricks
Table of Contents
Introduction
.
........................................................................................................................................................1
Copyright
.
................................................................................................................................................1
About
the
author
......................................................................................................................................1
Aknowledgements
..
..................................................................................................................................1
Audience
.
.................................................................................................................................................1
Organization
.
............................................................................................................................................2
Web
resources
..
........................................................................................................................................2
Installation
.
..........................................................................................................................................................4
What
this
chapter
covers
.
.........................................................................................................................4
Tip
1:
Which
distribution
is
good
for
you
.
.................................................................................5
Tip
2:
How
to
find
a
Linux
CD-ROM
at
low
cos
..
....................................................................6
Tip
3:
Multiple
operating
systems
.
.............................................................................................7
Tip
4:
Installing
with
no
CD-ROM
drive
or
modem
.
.................................................................8
Tip
5:
Swap
and
memory
.
...........................................................................................................9
Tip
6:
More
swap
with
a
swap
file
.
..........................................................................................10
Tip
7:
Kernel
size
and
modules
.
...............................................................................................11
Tip
8:
The
boot
prompt
.
............................................................................................................12
Tip
9:
Wrong
memory
size
found
.
............................................................................................13
Tip
10:
Master
boot
record
and
LILO
.
.....................................................................................14
Tip
11:
LILO
can't
find
a
kernel
on
a
big
drive
.
......................................................................15
Tip
12:
X
Window
configuration
options
.
................................................................................16
Tip
13:
Allowing
users
to
mount
drives
.
..................................................................................17
Tip
14:
Allowing
users
to
run
root
programs
.
..........................................................................18
Tip
15:
Linux
and
NT
booting
.
.................................................................................................19
Tip
16:
Annoying
boot
messages
..
............................................................................................20
Tip
17:
Programs
on
CD-ROM
.
...............................................................................................21
Tip
18:
International
console
.
...................................................................................................22
Tip
19:
Multiple
kernels
choices
.
.............................................................................................23
Tip
20:
Default
file
permissions
.
..............................................................................................24
Tip
21:
Default
boot
mode
.
.......................................................................................................25
Tip
22:
More
information
from
usenet
.
....................................................................................26
Tip
23:
Bytes
per
inodes
.
..........................................................................................................27
Tip
24:
LILO
and
boot
problems
.
.............................................................................................28
Tip
25:
Making
CD-ROM
images
.
...........................................................................................29
Tip
26:
FTP
access
restrictions
.
................................................................................................30
Hardware
.
..........................................................................................................................................................32
What
this
chapter
covers
.
.......................................................................................................................32
Tip
1:
Detecting
2
ethernet
cards
.
.............................................................................................33
Tip
2:
Everything
on
sound
cards
.
............................................................................................34
Tip
3:
Non-PostScript
printers
.
.................................................................................................35
Tip
4:
Use
Windows
special
keys
in
Linux
.
.............................................................................36
Tip
5:
Added
processors
...........................................................................................................37
Tip
6:
Detecting
an
ISA
device
..
...............................................................................................38
Tip
7:
Find
hardware
information
.
............................................................................................39
Tip
8:
Blinking
leds
on
the
keyboard
..
......................................................................................40
i
100 Linux Tips and Tricks
Table of Contents
Tip
9:
Reading
a
foreign
file
system
.
........................................................................................41
Tip
10:
Can't
mount
root
fs
.
.....................................................................................................42
Tip
11:
Linux
on
a
286?
.
...........................................................................................................43
Tip
12:
Linux
without
a
hard
drive
.
..........................................................................................44
Tip
13:
Shutdown
and
power
off
.
.............................................................................................45
Tip
14:
LPD
started
but
no
device
found
..
................................................................................46
Tip
15:
Read
files
from
FAT32
drives
..
....................................................................................47
Tip
16:
TV
on
Linux
.
................................................................................................................48
Tip
17:
Device
drivers
.
.............................................................................................................49
Tip
18:
Mouse
problems
.
..........................................................................................................50
Tip
19:
International
keyboards
.
...............................................................................................51
Software
.
............................................................................................................................................................53
What
this
chapter
covers
.
.......................................................................................................................53
Tip
1:
Background
image
in
X
Window
..
.................................................................................54
Tip
2:
Customize
Netscape
Communicator
.
.............................................................................55
Tip
3:
POP3
in
Pine
.
.................................................................................................................56
Tip
4:
Multiple
accounts
in
Pine
..
.............................................................................................57
Tip
5:
Running
Java
programs
.
.................................................................................................58
Tip
6:
Virtual
hosts
in
Apache
.
.................................................................................................59
Tip
7:
Libc
versus
Glibc
...........................................................................................................60
Tip
8:
Aliases
with
Qmail
.
........................................................................................................61
Tip
9:
Samba
with
Windows
98
or
NT
4
.
.................................................................................62
Tip
10:
KDE
drag
and
drop
icons
.
............................................................................................63
Tip
11:
Find
files
..
.....................................................................................................................64
Tip
12:
asm
or
linux
include
files
not
found
.
............................................................................65
Tip
13:
ICQ
on
Linux
...............................................................................................................66
Tip
14:
Reading
foreign
documents
..
........................................................................................67
Tip
15:
Scanning
with
Linux
.
...................................................................................................68
Tip
16:
Real
audio
and
video
.
...................................................................................................69
Tip
17:
Emulation
.
....................................................................................................................70
Tip
18:
Shared
library
not
found
..
.............................................................................................71
Tip
19:
Hard
to
erase
files
.
........................................................................................................72
Tip
20:
Files
permissions
.
.........................................................................................................73
Tip
21:
Changing
file
permissions
.
...........................................................................................74
Tip
22:
An
international
background
.
.......................................................................................75
Tip
23:
Powerful
file
transfer
system
.
......................................................................................76
Tip
24:
Editing
in
text
editors
.
..................................................................................................77
Tip
25:
Documentation
and
manua
.
.........................................................................................78
Networking
.
.......................................................................................................................................................80
What
this
chapter
covers
.
.......................................................................................................................80
Tip
1:
Easy
PPP
dialup
.
............................................................................................................81
Tip
2:
Internet
for
your
LAN
.
...................................................................................................82
Tip
3:
Domains
to
search
in
.
.....................................................................................................83
Tip
4:
Display
IP
rather
than
hostname
.
...................................................................................84
Tip
5:
Is
my
modem
a
winmodem?
.
.........................................................................................85
ii
100 Linux Tips and Tricks
Table of Contents
Tip
6:
Sharing
files
from
a
Windows
system
.
..........................................................................86
Tip
7:
Sorry
but
this
host
is
not
in
my
list
................................................................................87
Tip
8:
Access
to
various
networks
.
...........................................................................................88
Tip
9:
Accessing
remote
file
systems
.
......................................................................................89
Tip
10:
Secure
Web
serve
..
......................................................................................................90
Tip
11:
Secure
alternative
to
telnet
.
..........................................................................................91
Tip
12:
Speed
problems
on
a
PPP
connection
.
.........................................................................92
Tip
13:
Names
and
name
servers
.
.............................................................................................93
Tip
14:
Who
owns
this
port
.
.....................................................................................................94
Tip
15:
Network
printers
..
.........................................................................................................95
Development
.
.....................................................................................................................................................97
What
this
chapter
covers
.
.......................................................................................................................97
Tip
1:
Graphical
messages
to
the
world
..
..................................................................................98
Tip
2:
Code
reuse
.
.....................................................................................................................99
Tip
3:
Makefile
don't
equal
C
.
................................................................................................100
Tip
4:
Parsing
the
command
line
in
BASH
.
...........................................................................101
Tip
5:
Don't
grep
grep
.
...........................................................................................................102
Tip
6:
Move
a
text
into
upper
case
letters
.
..............................................................................103
Tip
7:
Using
PASCAL
on
Linux
.
...........................................................................................104
Tip
8:
Segmentation
fault
.
......................................................................................................105
Tip
9:
Who
is
online?
..
............................................................................................................106
Tip
10:
Graphical
toolkits
.
......................................................................................................107
Tip
11:
IDE
and
visual
interfaces
.
..........................................................................................108
Tip
12:
Free
software
and
copyleft
.
........................................................................................109
Tip
13:
Talking
to
the
terminal
.
..............................................................................................110
Tip
14:
Internet
technologies
.
.................................................................................................111
Tip
15:
Library
types
.
.............................................................................................................112
iii
Introduction
Copyright
This book is copyright by Patrick Lambert. It is provided free of charge in the hope that it will be useful. You
may copy, distribute and print this book. You may not modify it without prior written consent from the
author.
The tips in this book are given AS-IS. This means that I shall not be responsible for any damage that may
occur from their use. You use them at your own risks.
Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds
RedHat is a trademark of RedHat Software Inc.
Windows and DOS are trademarks of Microsoft Corp.
Sound Blaster is a trademark of Creative Labs
PostScript is a trademark of Adobe
Other trademarks and copyrights may apply.
About the author
Patrick Lambert is currently a student in Computer Science at the University of Montreal in Quebec, Canada.
He is the author of various Web sites for the Linux community, and of various software packages including
GXedit
Although he does everything from systems administration to software programming, he spends most of his
time working on Web sites for the Linux community. You can contact Patrick at
drow@darkelf.net
Aknowledgements
I would like to thank Tuomas Kuosmanen for the logo and the images on the Web site.
Audience
This book was written for anyone using Linux, from new users to experts who want to explore this wonderful
operating system. The tips and tricks in this book were discovered by myself over years of experience using
Linux, and learning about it. Some are very basic tips to make your computing life easier, others are
advanced tricks that can save you days of work.
I tried to cover all distributions of Linux in this book. I personaly use Slackware and RedHat on PC systems.
If you find any error in the book, feel free to contact me so a future second edition could correct them.
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