Java- Core Servlets and JSP.pdf

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Chapter

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgments xix

About the Author xx

Introduction xxi

Real Code for Real Programmers xxii

How This Book Is Organized xxiii

Conventions xxvii

About the Web Site xxvii

PART 1

Servlets 2.1 and 2.2 2

CHAPTER 1

Overview of Servlets and JavaServer Pages 4

1.1 Servlets 5

1.2 The Advantages of Servlets Over “Traditional” CGI 7

Efficient 7

Convenient 7

Home page for this book: http://www.coreservlets.com.

Home page for sequel: http://www.moreservlets.com.

Servlet and JSP training courses: http://courses.coreservlets.com.

Contents

Powerful 8

Portable 8

Secure 8

Inexpensive 9

1.3 JavaServer Pages 9

1.4 The Advantages of JSP 10

Versus Active Server Pages (ASP) 10

Versus PHP 10

Versus Pure Servlets 11

Versus Server-Side Includes (SSI) 11

Versus JavaScript 11

Versus Static HTML 12

1.5 Installation and Setup 12

Obtain Servlet and JSP Software 12

Bookmark or Install the Servlet and JSP API Documentation 14

Identify the Classes to the Java Compiler 14

Package the Classes 15

Configure the Server 16

Start the Server 17

Compile and Install Your Servlets 18

CHAPTER 2

First Servlets 20

2.1 Basic Servlet Structure 21

2.2 A Simple Servlet Generating Plain Text 23

Compiling and Installing the Servlet 24

Invoking the Servlet 25

2.3 A Servlet That Generates HTML 26

2.4 Packaging Servlets 27

Creating Servlets in Packages 28

Compiling Servlets in Packages 29

Invoking Servlets in Packages 30

2.5 Simple HTML-Building Utilities 31

2.6 The Servlet Life Cycle 34

The init Method 34

The service Method 36

Contents

vii

The doGet, doPost, and doXxx Methods 37

The SingleThreadModel Interface 38

The destroy Method 38

2.7 An Example Using Initialization Parameters 39

2.8 An Example Using Servlet Initialization and Page Modification Dates 44

2.9 Debugging Servlets 50

2.10 WebClient: Talking to Web Servers Interactively 52

WebClient 52

HttpClient 55

NetworkClient 57

SocketUtil 59

CloseableFrame 60

LabeledTextField 61

Interruptible 63

CHAPTER 3

Handling the Client Request: Form Data 64

3.1 The Role of Form Data 65

3.2 Reading Form Data from Servlets 66

3.3 Example: Reading Three Explicit Parameters 67

3.4 Example: Reading All Parameters 70

3.5 A Resumé Posting Service 74

3.6 Filtering Strings for HTML-Specific Characters 87

Code for Filtering 88

Example 89

CHAPTER 4

Handling the Client Request: HTTP Request Headers 92

4.1 Reading Request Headers from Servlets 94

4.2 Printing All Headers 96

4.3 HTTP 1.1 Request Headers 98

4.4 Sending Compressed Web Pages 104

4.5 Restricting Access to Web Pages 107

viii

Contents

CHAPTER 5

Accessing the Standard CGI Variables 114

5.1 Servlet Equivalent of CGI Variables 116

5.2 A Servlet That Shows the CGI Variables 119

CHAPTER 6

Generating the Server Response: HTTP Status Codes 122

6.1 Specifying Status Codes 124

6.2 HTTP 1.1 Status Codes and Their Purpose 126

6.3 A Front End to Various Search Engines 135

CHAPTER 7

Generating the Server Response: HTTP Response Headers 142

7.1 Setting Response Headers from Servlets 143

7.2 HTTP 1.1 Response Headers and Their Meaning 145

7.3 Persistent Servlet State and Auto-Reloading Pages 154

7.4 Using Persistent HTTP Connections 163

7.5 Using Servlets to Generate GIF Images 168

CHAPTER 8

Handling Cookies 178

8.1 Benefits of Cookies 179

Identifying a User During an E-commerce Session 180

Avoiding Username and Password 180

Customizing a Site 180

Focusing Advertising 181

8.2 Some Problems with Cookies 181

8.3 The Servlet Cookie API 183

Creating Cookies 183

Cookie Attributes 183

Placing Cookies in the Response Headers 186

Reading Cookies from the Client 186

8.4 Examples of Setting and Reading Cookies 186

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