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PROGRAMMABLE VOLTAGE REFERENCE
TL431
PROGRAMMABLE VOLTAGE REFERENCE
. SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY : 1 to 100mA
. 1% AND 2% VOLTAGE PRECISION
Z
TO92
(Plastic Package)
N
DIP8
(Plastic Package)
DESCRIPTION
The TL431 is a programmable shunt voltage refer-
ence with guaranteedtemperature stability over the
entire temperature range of operation.
The output voltage may be set to any value between
V ref (approximately 2.5V) and 36V with two external
resistors.
The TL431 operates with a wide current range from
1 to 100mA with a typical dynamic impedance of
0.22
D
SO8
(Batwing Plastic Micropackage)
ORDER CODES
Part number
Temperature
Range
Package
ZND
TL431C/AC
0 o C, +70 o C
•••
W
TL431I/AI
-40 o C, +85 o C
•••
PIN CONNECTIONS
TO92
(Top view)
DIP8
(Top view)
SO8
(Top view)
8
7
6
5
8
7
6
5
Cathode Anode Re fere n c e
1
2
3
1 - Cathode
2 - N.C.
3 - N.C.
4 - N.C.
5 - N.C.
6 - Anode
7 - N.C.
8 - Reference
1 - Cathode
2 - Anode
3 - Anode
4 - N.C.
5 - N.C.
6 - Anode
7 - Anode
8 - Reference
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
October 1997
1/8
. ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE :
V ref to 36V
. TYPICAL OUTPUT IMPEDANCE : 0.22 W
.
376123718.002.png
TL431
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
V KA
Cathode to Anode Voltage
37
V
I K
Continuous Cathode Current Range
-100 to +150
mA
I ref
Reference Input Current Range
-0.05 to +10
mA
T oper
Operating Free-air Temperature Range
TL431C/AC
TL431I/AI
0 to +70
-40 to +85
o C
T stg
Storage Temperature Range
-65 to +150
o C
OPERATING CONDITIONS
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
V KA
Cathode to Anode Voltage
V ref to 36
V
I K
Cathode Current
1 to 100
mA
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
T amb =25 o C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
TL431C
TL431AC
Unit
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
V ref
Reference Input Voltage - (figure 1)
V KA =V ref ,I K = 10mA
T amb =25 o C
T min.
2.44
2.423
2.495 2.55
2.567
2.47
2.453
2.495 2.52
2.537
V
3
T amb
3
T max.
D V ref Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over
Temperature Range - (figure 1, note1)
V KA =V ref, I K= 10mA, T min.
mV
3
T amb
3
T max.
3
17
3
15
D
V ref
Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to
Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage - (figure 2)
I K = 10mA
mV/V
D
V KA
D
V KA = 10V to V ref
-1.4
-1
-2.7
-2
-1.4
-1
-2.7
-2
D
V KA = 36V to 10V
Iref
Reference Input Current - (figure 2)
I K = 10mA, R 1 = 10k W ,R 2 = T amb =25 o C
T min.
m A
1.8
4
5.2
1.8
4
5.2
3
T amb
3
T max.
D
I ref
Reference Input Current Deviation Over
Temperature Range - (figure 2)
I K = 10mA, R 1 = 10k
m
A
W
,R 2 =
T min.
0.4
1.2
0.4
1.2
3
T amb
3
T max.
I min
Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation - (figure 1)
V KA =V ref
0.5
1
0.5
0.6
mA
I off
Off-St ate Cathode Current - (figure 3)
2.6
1000
2.6 1000
nA
|Z KA | Dynamic Impedance - (figure 1, note 2)
V KA =V ref ,
D I K = 1 to 100mA, f 3
1kHz
0.22
0.5
0.22
0.5
W
Notes : 1.
V ref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature
range.
D
V ref =V re f max. -V re f min
V re f ma x.
V re fm in.
T1
T2
Tem pe ra tur e
2. The dynamic Impedance is defined as |Z KA |
=
D
V KA
D
I K
2/8
D
376123718.003.png
TL431
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
T amb =25 o C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
TL431I
TL431AI
Unit
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
V ref
Reference Input Voltage - (figure 1)
V KA =V ref ,I K = 10mA
T amb =25 o C
T min.
V
2.44
2.41
2.495 2.55
2.58
2.47
2.44
2.495 2.52
2.55
3
T amb
3
T max.
D
V ref Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over
Temperature Range - (figure 1, note1)
V KA =V ref, I K= 10mA, T min.
mV
3
T amb
3
T max.
7
30
7
30
D
V ref
Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to
Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage - (figure 2)
I K = 10mA
mV/V
D
V KA
D
V KA = 10V to V ref
-1.4
-1
-2.7
-2
-1.4
-1
-2.7
-2
D
V KA = 36V to 10V
Iref
Reference Input Current - (figure 2)
I K = 10mA, R 1 = 10k
m
A
W
T amb =25 o C
T min.
1.8
4
6.5
1.8
4
6.5
3
T amb
3
T max.
D
I ref
Reference Input Current Deviation Over
Temperature Range - (figure 2)
I K = 10mA, R 1 = 10k
m
A
W
T min.
0.8
2.5
0.8
1.2
3
T amb
3
T max.
I min
Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation - (figure 1)
V KA =V ref
0.5
1
0.5
0.7
mA
I off
Off-St ate Cathode Current - (figure 3)
2.6
1000
2.6 1000
nA
|Z KA | Dynamic Impedance - (figure 1, note 2)
V KA =V ref ,
D
I K = 1 to 100mA, f
3
1kHz
0.22
0.5
0.22
0.5
W
Notes : 1.
V ref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature
range.
D
V ref =V re f max. -V re f min
V re f ma x.
V re fm in.
T1
T2
Tem pe ra tur e
2. The dynamic Impedance is defined as |Z KA |
=
D
V KA
D I K
3/8
,R 2 =
,R 2 =
D
376123718.004.png
TL431
Figure 1 : Test Circuit for V KA =V ref
Input
V KA
I K
V re f
Figure 2 : Test Circuit for V KA >V ref
Input
V KA
R
I K
1
I re f
R
2
V re f
V KA =
V ref (
1
+
R 1
R 2 )+
I ref .R1
Figure 3 : Test Circuit for I off
Inp ut
V KA
= 36V
I off
4/8
376123718.005.png
TL431
STABILITY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
100
Vka
(Ik=10mA)
80
2.5V
5V
10V
15V
Stable
60
Stable
40
20
0
1
10
100
1000
10000
CL, Load Capacitance (nF)
OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY
60
200
40
100
20
0
Gain (d B)
Phase (Deg)
0
-100
-20
-40
-200
100
1000 10000 100000 1E+06 1E+07 1E+08
Frequency(log Hz)
REFERENCE INPUT VOLTAGE VERSUS CATHODE VOLTAGE
Vref = f(Vka)
0
-10
-20
-30
Drift(mV)
-40
-50
-60
0
10
20
30
40
Vka(Volt)
5/8
376123718.001.png

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